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NOTCH2

Function

Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Jagged-1 (JAG1), Jagged-2 (JAG2) and Delta-1 (DLL1) to regulate cell-fate determination. Upon ligand activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) it forms a transcriptional activator complex with RBPJ/RBPSUH and activates genes of the enhancer of split locus (PubMed:21378985, PubMed:21378989). Affects the implementation of differentiation, proliferation and apoptotic programs (By similarity). Involved in bone remodeling and homeostasis. In collaboration with RELA/p65 enhances NFATc1 promoter activity and positively regulates RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation (PubMed:29149593). Positively regulates self-renewal of liver cancer cells (PubMed:25985737).

Involvement in disease

Alagille syndrome 2

ALGS2

A form of Alagille syndrome, an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder. It is clinically defined by hepatic bile duct paucity and cholestasis in association with cardiac, skeletal, and ophthalmologic manifestations. There are characteristic facial features and less frequent clinical involvement of the renal and vascular systems.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Hajdu-Cheney syndrome

HJCYS

A rare, autosomal dominant skeletal disorder characterized by the association of facial anomalies, acro-osteolysis, general osteoporosis, insufficient ossification of the skull, and periodontal disease (premature loss of permanent teeth). Other features include cleft palate, congenital heart defects, polycystic kidneys, orthopedic problems and anomalies of the genitalia, intestines and eyes.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. NOTCH2 nonsense and frameshift mutations associated with Hajdu-Cheney syndrome cluster to the last coding exon of the gene. Mutant mRNA products escape nonsense-mediated decay and the resulting truncated NOTCH2 proteins act in a gain-of-function manner (PubMed:21378989). The pathological mechanism at cellular level involves disruption of a high affinity degron recognized by FBXW7 at the C-terminus, loss of interaction with FBXW7, reduced ubiquitination and degradation, and increased NOTCH2 levels. Bone marrow cells derived from HJCYS patients have an enhanced capacity of osteoclastogenesis due to sustained NOTCH2 activity (PubMed:29149593).

Post-translational modifications

Synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum as an inactive form which is proteolytically cleaved by a furin-like convertase in the trans-Golgi network before it reaches the plasma membrane to yield an active, ligand-accessible form (By similarity). Cleavage results in a C-terminal fragment N(TM) and a N-terminal fragment N(EC) (By similarity). Following ligand binding, it is cleaved by TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) to yield a membrane-associated intermediate fragment called notch extracellular truncation (NEXT) (By similarity). This fragment is then cleaved by presenilin dependent gamma-secretase to release a notch-derived peptide containing the intracellular domain (NICD) from the membrane (By similarity).

Hydroxylated by HIF1AN.

Can be either O-glucosylated or O-xylosylated at Ser-613 by POGLUT1.

Phosphorylated by GSK3. GSK3-mediated phosphorylation is necessary for NOTCH2 recognition by FBXW7, ubiquitination and degradation via the ubiquitin proteasome pathway.

Sequence Similarities

Belongs to the NOTCH family.

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in the brain, heart, kidney, lung, skeletal muscle and liver. Ubiquitously expressed in the embryo.

Cellular localization

Alternative names

Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2, Notch 2, hN2, NOTCH2

swissprot:Q04721 entrezGene:4853 omim:600275

Other research areas