NQO1
GeneName
NQO1
Summary
NQO1, also known as DT diaphorase or DTD, is a 31 kDa flavoprotein predominantly located in the cytoplasm and nucleus, with additional presence in the synapse. It plays a critical role in cellular redox homeostasis and is involved in the detoxification of quinones and reactive oxygen species. NQO1 exhibits NAD(P)H dehydrogenase activity, facilitating the reduction of quinones and contributing to the removal of superoxide radicals. Its functions extend to RNA binding and participation in various metabolic processes, including those related to vitamins E and K, as well as xenobiotic metabolism. The protein is also implicated in the innate immune response and the negative regulation of ferroptosis.
Importance
NQO1 is relevant to: - The maintenance of cellular redox balance and protection against oxidative stress, which is vital for cell survival. - The modulation of innate immune responses, particularly in the context of inflammation and infection. - The regulation of ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death associated with various diseases. - The metabolism of xenobiotics, influencing drug metabolism and detoxification pathways. - Its potential as a biomarker for oxidative stress-related diseases and conditions.
Top Products
For researchers investigating NQO1, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies. The first is the well-cited polyclonal antibody, Anti-NQO1 antibody (ab34173), which has garnered 186 citations, reflecting its reliability in the field. This antibody is validated for use in Western blotting (WB) and immunocytochemistry (ICC), making it a solid choice for various applications. Additionally, we offer the recombinant monoclonal antibody, Anti-NQO1 antibody [EPR3309] (ab80588), which has an impressive citation count of 198. This antibody is validated in knockout models and is suitable for a broader range of applications, including WB, ICC, flow cytometry (FC), and immunoprecipitation (IP). The recombinant nature of this product ensures batch-to-batch consistency, making it an ideal option for researchers seeking dependable NQO1 detection.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates a significant focus on the role of NQO1 in various biological contexts, particularly in relation to oxidative stress and the Nrf2 pathway. Studies span multiple species, including mouse, rat, and human, highlighting the relevance of NQO1 in liver, bladder, and heart tissues, as well as in response to various treatments and conditions such as acetaminophen activation, HCV protein effects, and exercise. The use of Western blotting as a primary application underscores the importance of NQO1 detection in understanding its functional implications in health and disease.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Flavin-containing quinone reductase that catalyzes two-electron reduction of quinones to hydroquinones using either NADH or NADPH as electron donors. In a ping-pong kinetic mechanism, the electrons are sequentially transferred from NAD(P)H to flavin cofactor and then from reduced flavin to the quinone, bypassing the formation of semiquinone and reactive oxygen species (By similarity) (PubMed:8999809, PubMed:9271353). Regulates cellular redox state primarily through quinone detoxification. Reduces components of plasma membrane redox system such as coenzyme Q and vitamin quinones, producing antioxidant hydroquinone forms. In the process may function as superoxide scavenger to prevent hydroquinone oxidation and facilitate excretion (PubMed:15102952, PubMed:8999809, PubMed:9271353). Alternatively, can activate quinones and their derivatives by generating redox reactive hydroquinones with DNA cross-linking antitumor potential (PubMed:8999809). Acts as a gatekeeper of the core 20S proteasome known to degrade proteins with unstructured regions. Upon oxidative stress, interacts with tumor suppressors TP53 and TP73 in a NADH-dependent way and inhibits their ubiquitin-independent degradation by the 20S proteasome (PubMed:15687255, PubMed:28291250).
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) family.
Cellular localization
- Cytoplasm
- Cytosol
Alternative names
DIA4, NMOR1, NQO1, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1, Azoreductase, DT-diaphorase, Menadione reductase, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1, Phylloquinone reductase, Quinone reductase 1, DTD, QR1