PLA2G1B
Function
Secretory calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 that primarily targets dietary phospholipids in the intestinal tract (PubMed:10681567, PubMed:1420353, PubMed:17603006). Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A2 activity) with preference for phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylglycerols over phosphatidylcholines (PubMed:10681567, PubMed:1420353, PubMed:17603006). May play a role in the biosynthesis of N-acyl ethanolamines that regulate energy metabolism and inflammation in the intestinal tract. Hydrolyzes N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamines to N-acyl lysophosphatidylethanolamines, which are further cleaved by a lysophospholipase D to release N-acyl ethanolamines (By similarity). May act in an autocrine and paracrine manner (PubMed:25335547, PubMed:7721806). Upon binding to the PLA2R1 receptor can regulate podocyte survival and glomerular homeostasis (PubMed:25335547). Has anti-helminth activity in a process regulated by gut microbiota. Upon helminth infection of intestinal epithelia, directly affects phosphatidylethanolamine contents in the membrane of helminth larvae, likely controlling an array of phospholipid-mediated cellular processes such as membrane fusion and cell division while providing for better immune recognition, ultimately reducing larvae integrity and infectivity (By similarity).
Post-translational modifications
Activated by trypsin cleavage in the duodenum. Can also be activated by thrombin or autocatalytically.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the phospholipase A2 family.
Tissue Specificity
Selectively expressed in pancreas, lung, liver and kidney. Also detected at lower levels in ovary and testis.
Cellular localization
- Secreted
- Secreted from pancreatic acinar cells in its inactive form.
Alternative names
PLA2, PLA2A, PPLA2, PLA2G1B, Phospholipase A2, Group IB phospholipase A2, Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 1B