PLOD3
Domain
The N-terminal domain mediates glycosyltransferase activity.
The C-terminal domain that mediates lysyl hydroxylase activity is also important for homodimerization.
Function
Multifunctional enzyme that catalyzes a series of essential post-translational modifications on Lys residues in procollagen (PubMed:11956192, PubMed:12475640, PubMed:18298658, PubMed:18834968, PubMed:30089812). Plays a redundant role in catalyzing the formation of hydroxylysine residues in -Xaa-Lys-Gly- sequences in collagens (PubMed:11956192, PubMed:12475640, PubMed:18298658, PubMed:18834968, PubMed:30089812, PubMed:9582318, PubMed:9724729). Plays a redundant role in catalyzing the transfer of galactose onto hydroxylysine groups, giving rise to galactosyl 5-hydroxylysine (PubMed:12475640, PubMed:18298658, PubMed:18834968, PubMed:30089812). Has an essential role by catalyzing the subsequent transfer of glucose moieties, giving rise to 1,2-glucosylgalactosyl-5-hydroxylysine residues (PubMed:10934207, PubMed:11896059, PubMed:11956192, PubMed:12475640, PubMed:18298658, PubMed:18834968, PubMed:30089812). Catalyzes hydroxylation and glycosylation of Lys residues in the MBL1 collagen-like domain, giving rise to hydroxylysine and 1,2-glucosylgalactosyl-5-hydroxylysine residues (PubMed:25419660). Essential for normal biosynthesis and secretion of type IV collagens (Probable) (PubMed:18834968). Essential for normal formation of basement membranes (By similarity).
Involvement in disease
BCARD syndrome
BCARD
An autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder, secondary to lysyl hydroxylase 3 deficiency. It is characterized by congenital malformations severely affecting multiple tissues and organs. Clinical features include growth retardation, craniofacial dysmorphism, popliteal and cerebral aneurysm, cerebral arterial hemorrhage, skin blistering and easy bruisability, and osteopenia.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Tissue Specificity
Ubiquitous (PubMed:9724729). Detected in heart, placenta and pancreas and at lower levels in lung, liver and skeletal muscle (PubMed:9582318, PubMed:9724729).
Cellular localization
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
- Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- Peripheral membrane protein
- Lumenal side
- Secreted
- Secreted
- Extracellular space
- The majority of the secreted protein is associated with the extracellular matrix.
Alternative names
Multifunctional procollagen lysine hydroxylase and glycosyltransferase LH3, PLOD3