Pparg
Developmental stage
It appears first at 13.5 dpc and increases until birth.
Domain
The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors.
Function
Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. ARF6 acts as a key regulator of the tissue-specific adipocyte P2 (aP2) enhancer. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B-mediated pro-inflammatory responses. Plays a role in the regulation of cardiovascular circadian rhythms by regulating the transcription of BMAL1 in the blood vessels (PubMed:19041764).
Post-translational modifications
O-GlcNAcylation at Thr-84 reduces transcriptional activity in adipocytes.
Phosphorylated in basal conditions and dephosphorylated when treated with the ligand. May be dephosphorylated by PPP5C. The phosphorylated Ser-112 form is recognized by PER2 and repressed, dephosphorylation at Ser-112 induces adipogenic activity. Ser-112 phosphorylation levels are reduced by 65% in brown adipose tissue compared to white adipose tissue.
Ubiquitinated by E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex containing FBXO9; leading to proteasomal degradation.
Ubiquitinated by E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex containing FBXO9; leading to proteasomal degradation (PubMed:27197753). Ubiquitinated at Lys-252 by TRIM55 leading to proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Ubiquitinated by E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase STUB1/CHIP; leading to proteasomal degradation (PubMed:35710596).
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.
Tissue Specificity
Highest expression in white and brown adipose tissue. Also found in liver, skeletal muscle, heart, adrenal gland, spleen, kidney and intestine. Isoform 2 is more abundant than isoform 1 in adipose tissue.
Cellular localization
- Nucleus
- Cytoplasm
- Redistributed from the nucleus to the cytosol through a MAP2K1/MEK1-dependent manner (By similarity). NOCT enhances its nuclear translocation.
Alternative names
Nr1c3, Pparg, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, PPAR-gamma, Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group C member 3
Database links
swissprot:P37238 entrezGene:19016
Other research areas
- Epigenetics