Prdm16
Developmental stage
Expressed at 12.5 dpc, 13.5 dpc and 14.5 dpc. Expressed in orofacial tissues, heart, liver, brain and limb bud. At 13.5 dpc, expressed throughout the ventricular myocardium, including endocardium and epicardium.
Function
Binds DNA and functions as a transcriptional regulator (PubMed:18483224). Displays histone methyltransferase activity and monomethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me1) in vitro (PubMed:22939622). Probably catalyzes the monomethylation of free histone H3 in the cytoplasm which is then transported to the nucleus and incorporated into nucleosomes where SUV39H methyltransferases use it as a substrate to catalyze histone H3 'Lys-9' trimethylation (PubMed:22939622). Likely to be one of the primary histone methyltransferases along with MECOM/PRDM3 that direct cytoplasmic H3K9me1 methylation (PubMed:22939622). Functions in the differentiation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) which is specialized in dissipating chemical energy in the form of heat in response to cold or excess feeding while white adipose tissue (WAT) is specialized in the storage of excess energy and the control of systemic metabolism (PubMed:17618855, PubMed:18483224). Together with CEBPB, regulates the differentiation of myoblastic precursors into brown adipose cells (PubMed:18719582, PubMed:19641492). Functions as a repressor of TGF-beta signaling.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the PRDM16 family.
Tissue Specificity
Enriched in BAT compared to WAT. Detected in heart, lung, kidney and brain. Expressed in nuclei of cardiomyocytes.
Cellular localization
- Nucleus
- Cytoplasm
Alternative names
Kiaa1675, Mel1, Prdm16, Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase PRDM16, PR domain zinc finger protein 16, PR domain-containing protein 16, Transcription factor MEL1, MDS1/EVI1-like gene 1