PRDX1
GeneName
PRDX1
Summary
PRDX1, also known as peroxiredoxin-1, PAG, or TPX2, is a 22 kDa antioxidant enzyme that plays a vital role in cellular redox homeostasis. It is expressed in various tissues and localised in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and extracellular compartments such as exosomes and melanosomes. PRDX1 functions primarily as a peroxidase, catalysing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and other peroxides, thereby protecting cells from oxidative damage. Additionally, it is involved in several biological processes, including cell proliferation, leukocyte activation, and the regulation of NF-kappaB signalling pathways, which are crucial for immune responses and stress adaptation.
Importance
PRDX1 is relevant to: - The modulation of oxidative stress responses, which is critical in various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. - Immune system function through its role in leukocyte activation and natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. - Cellular proliferation and tissue remodelling, impacting wound healing and fibrosis. - The regulation of signalling pathways such as NF-kappaB, which are implicated in inflammation and immune responses.
Top Products
For researchers investigating PRDX1, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies that cater to a variety of applications. The first is the well-cited polyclonal antibody, Anti-Peroxiredoxin 1/PAG antibody (ab15571), which has garnered 38 citations, reflecting its reliability in the field. This antibody is validated for use in Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunocytochemistry (ICC), making it a versatile choice for your research needs. Additionally, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-Peroxiredoxin 1/PAG antibody [EPR5433] (ab109498). This monoclonal antibody is also validated in knockout models and is suitable for WB and IHC applications. With 14 citations, it demonstrates a solid presence in the research community. The recombinant nature of this antibody ensures batch-to-batch consistency, providing researchers with confidence in their results.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The use of Abcam antibodies targeting PRDX1 highlights its relevance in cancer research and muscle regeneration studies. The antibodies have been effectively employed in Western blotting to analyse PRDX1 expression in various biological contexts, including breast cancer and skeletal muscle.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides and as sensor of hydrogen peroxide-mediated signaling events. Might participate in the signaling cascades of growth factors and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by regulating the intracellular concentrations of H(2)O(2) (PubMed:9497357). Reduces an intramolecular disulfide bond in GDPD5 that gates the ability to GDPD5 to drive postmitotic motor neuron differentiation (By similarity).
Post-translational modifications
Phosphorylated on Thr-90 during the M-phase, which leads to a more than 80% decrease in enzymatic activity.
Acetylation increases reducing activity and resistance to superoxidation (PubMed:18606987). Deacetylated by HDAC6 which decreases reducing activity (PubMed:18606987).
The enzyme can be inactivated by further oxidation of the cysteine sulfenic acid (C(P)-SOH) to sulphinic acid (C(P)-SO2H) instead of its condensation to a disulfide bond. It can be reactivated by forming a transient disulfide bond with sulfiredoxin SRXN1, which reduces the cysteine sulfinic acid in an ATP- and Mg-dependent manner.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. AhpC/Prx1 subfamily.
Cellular localization
- Cytoplasm
- Melanosome
- Identified by mass spectrometry in melanosome fractions from stage I to stage IV.
Alternative names
PAGA, PAGB, TDPX2, PRDX1, Peroxiredoxin-1, Natural killer cell-enhancing factor A, Proliferation-associated gene protein, Thioredoxin peroxidase 2, Thioredoxin-dependent peroxide reductase 2, Thioredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxin 1, NKEF-A, PAG