PRDX6
Function
Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively (PubMed:10893423, PubMed:9497358). Can reduce H(2)O(2) and short chain organic, fatty acid, and phospholipid hydroperoxides (PubMed:10893423). Also has phospholipase activity, can therefore either reduce the oxidized sn-2 fatty acyl group of phospholipids (peroxidase activity) or hydrolyze the sn-2 ester bond of phospholipids (phospholipase activity) (PubMed:10893423, PubMed:26830860). These activities are dependent on binding to phospholipids at acidic pH and to oxidized phospholipds at cytosolic pH (PubMed:10893423). Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides and in phospholipid homeostasis (PubMed:10893423). Exhibits acyl-CoA-dependent lysophospholipid acyltransferase which mediates the conversion of lysophosphatidylcholine (1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or LPC) into phosphatidylcholine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or PC) (PubMed:26830860). Shows a clear preference for LPC as the lysophospholipid and for palmitoyl CoA as the fatty acyl substrate (PubMed:26830860).
Post-translational modifications
Irreversibly inactivated by overoxidation of Cys-47 to sulfinic acid (Cys-SO(2)H) and sulfonic acid (Cys-SO(3)H) forms upon oxidative stress.
Phosphorylation at Thr-177 by MAP kinases increases the phospholipase activity of the enzyme (By similarity). The phosphorylated form exhibits a greater lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase activity compared to the non-phosphorylated form (PubMed:26830860).
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. Prx6 subfamily.
Cellular localization
- Cytoplasm
- Lysosome
- Also found in lung secretory organelles (lamellar bodies).
Alternative names
AOP2, KIAA0106, PRDX6, Peroxiredoxin-6, 1-Cys peroxiredoxin, 24 kDa protein, Acidic calcium-independent phospholipase A2, Antioxidant protein 2, Glutathione-dependent peroxiredoxin, Liver 2D page spot 40, Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 5, Non-selenium glutathione peroxidase, Red blood cells page spot 12, 1-Cys PRX, aiPLA2, LPC acyltransferase 5, LPCAT-5, Lyso-PC acyltransferase 5, NSGPx