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PRMT1

Function

Arginine methyltransferase that methylates (mono and asymmetric dimethylation) the guanidino nitrogens of arginyl residues present in proteins such as ESR1, histone H2, H3 and H4, ILF3, HNRNPA1, HNRNPD, NFATC2IP, SUPT5H, TAF15, EWS, HABP4 and SERBP1 (PubMed:10749851, PubMed:16879614, PubMed:26876602). Constitutes the main enzyme that mediates monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation of histone H4 'Arg-4' (H4R3me1 and H4R3me2a, respectively), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. May be involved in the regulation of TAF15 transcriptional activity, act as an activator of estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated transactivation, play a key role in neurite outgrowth and act as a negative regulator of megakaryocytic differentiation, by modulating p38 MAPK pathway. Methylates RBM15, promoting ubiquitination and degradation of RBM15 (PubMed:26575292). Methylates FOXO1 and retains it in the nucleus increasing its transcriptional activity. Methylates CHTOP and this methylation is critical for its 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC)-binding activity (PubMed:25284789). Methylates H4R3 in genes involved in glioblastomagenesis in a CHTOP- and/or TET1-dependent manner (PubMed:25284789).

Post-translational modifications

Polyubiquitinated at Lys-145 by the SCF(FBXL17) complex, leading to its subsequent degradation. Ubiquitination is regulated by acetylation at Lys-228 and Lys-233.

Acetylation at Lys-228 and Lys-233 regulates ubiquitination by the SCF(FBXL17) complex. Acetylated at Lys-233 by p300/EP300. Deacetylated at Lys-228 and Lys-233 by SIRT1.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Protein arginine N-methyltransferase family.

Tissue specificity

Widely expressed (PubMed:11097842). Expressed strongly in colorectal cancer cells (at protein level) (PubMed:28040436). Expressed strongly in colorectal cancer tissues compared to wild-type colon samples (at protein level) (PubMed:28040436). Expressed strongly in colorectal cancer tissues compared to wild-type colon samples (PubMed:28040436).

Cellular localization

  • Nucleus
  • Nucleus
  • Nucleoplasm
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cytosol
  • Mostly found in the cytoplasm. Colocalizes with CHTOP within the nucleus. Low levels detected also in the chromatin fraction (By similarity).

Alternative names

  • Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1
  • Histone-arginine N-methyltransferase PRMT1
  • Interferon receptor 1-bound protein 4
  • PRMT1
  • HMT2
  • HRMT1L2
  • IR1B4

Target type

Proteins

Primary research area

Epigenetics

Molecular weight

42462Da