PTGES2
Function
Isomerase that catalyzes the conversion of PGH2 into the more stable prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) (in vitro) (PubMed:12804604, PubMed:17585783, PubMed:18198127). The biological function and the GSH-dependent property of PTGES2 is still under debate (PubMed:17585783, PubMed:18198127). In vivo, PTGES2 could form a complex with GSH and heme and would not participate in PGE2 synthesis but would catalyze the degradation of prostaglandin E2 H2 (PGH2) to 12(S)-hydroxy-5(Z),8(E),10(E)-heptadecatrienoic acid (HHT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (By similarity) (PubMed:17585783).
Pathway
Lipid metabolism; prostaglandin biosynthesis.
Post-translational modifications
Synthesized as a Golgi membrane-associated protein, and the proteolytic removal of the N-terminal hydrophobic domain leads to the formation of a mature cytosolic enzyme.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the GST superfamily.
Tissue Specificity
Widely expressed. Expressed in the heart, including apex, inter-ventricular septum, both atria and ventricles, but not in the aorta. Also expressed in fetal heart. Detected in various regions of the brain: cerebellum; occipital, frontal and parietal lobes. Also expressed in the lymph nodes, skeletal muscle, kidney and trachea, but not in the thymus or lung. Overexpressed in colorectal cancer.
Cellular localization
- Golgi apparatus membrane
- Single-pass membrane protein
- Prostaglandin E synthase 2 truncated form
- Cytoplasm
- Perinuclear region
- Synthesized as a Golgi membrane-bound protein, which is further cleaved into the predominant soluble truncated form. The truncated form is cytoplasmic and is enriched in the perinuclear region.
Alternative names
C9orf15, PGES2, PTGES2, Prostaglandin E synthase 2, Membrane-associated prostaglandin E synthase-2, Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 2, Prostaglandin-H(2) E-isomerase, mPGE synthase-2, mPGES-2