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RAC3

Function

Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses, such as cell spreading and the formation of actin-based protusions including lamellipodia and membrane ruffles. Promotes cell adhesion and spreading on fibrinogen in a CIB1 and alpha-IIb/beta3 integrin-mediated manner.

Involvement in disease

Neurodevelopmental disorder with structural brain anomalies and dysmorphic facies

NEDBAF

An autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay, severe intellectual disability, poor language, seizures, dysmorphic features, and thin corpus callosum.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Post-translational modifications

(Microbial infection) Glycosylated at Tyr-32 by Photorhabdus asymbiotica toxin PAU_02230. Mono-O-GlcNAcylation by PAU_02230 inhibits downstream signaling by an impaired interaction with diverse regulator and effector proteins of Rac and leads to actin disassembly.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family.

Tissue specificity

Highest levels in brain, also detected in heart, placenta and pancreas.

Cellular localization

  • Cytoplasm
  • Endomembrane system
  • Cell projection
  • Lamellipodium
  • Cytoplasm
  • Perinuclear region
  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cytoskeleton
  • Membrane-associated when activated. Colocalizes with NRBP to endomembranes and at the cell periphery in lamellipodia. Colocalized with CIB1 in the perinuclear area and at the cell periphery.

Alternative names

  • Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3
  • p21-Rac3
  • RAC3

Target type

Proteins

Molecular weight

21379Da