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Rad51

Domain

The nuclear localization may reside in the C-terminus (between 259 and 339 AA).

Function

Plays an important role in homologous strand exchange, a key step in DNA repair through homologous recombination (HR) (PubMed:28575658). Binds to single and double-stranded DNA and exhibits DNA-dependent ATPase activity. Catalyzes the recognition of homology and strand exchange between homologous DNA partners to form a joint molecule between a processed DNA break and the repair template. Binds to single-stranded DNA in an ATP-dependent manner to form nucleoprotein filaments which are essential for the homology search and strand exchange (PubMed:26681308). Part of a PALB2-scaffolded HR complex containing BRCA2 and RAD51C and which is thought to play a role in DNA repair by HR. Plays a role in regulating mitochondrial DNA copy number under conditions of oxidative stress in the presence of RAD51C and XRCC3. Also involved in interstrand cross-link repair (PubMed:26253028).

Involvement in disease

Breast cancer

BC

A common malignancy originating from breast epithelial tissue. Breast neoplasms can be distinguished by their histologic pattern. Invasive ductal carcinoma is by far the most common type. Breast cancer is etiologically and genetically heterogeneous. Important genetic factors have been indicated by familial occurrence and bilateral involvement. Mutations at more than one locus can be involved in different families or even in the same case.

None

Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Mirror movements 2

MRMV2

A disorder characterized by contralateral involuntary movements that mirror voluntary ones. While mirror movements are occasionally found in young children, persistence beyond the age of 10 is abnormal. Mirror movements occur more commonly in the upper extremities.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Fanconi anemia, complementation group R

FANCR

A disorder affecting all bone marrow elements and resulting in anemia, leukopenia and thrombopenia. It is associated with cardiac, renal and limb malformations, dermal pigmentary changes, and a predisposition to the development of malignancies. At the cellular level it is associated with hypersensitivity to DNA-damaging agents, chromosomal instability (increased chromosome breakage) and defective DNA repair.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Post-translational modifications

Ubiquitinated by the SCF(FBH1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, regulating RAD51 subcellular location and preventing its association with DNA. Ubiquitinated by RFWD3 in response to DNA damage: ubiquitination leads to degradation by the proteasome, promoting homologous recombination (PubMed:28575658).

Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation of Thr-309 by CHEK1 may enhance association with chromatin at sites of DNA damage and promote DNA repair by homologous recombination. Phosphorylation by ABL1 inhibits function.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the RecA family. RAD51 subfamily.

Tissue specificity

Highly expressed in testis and thymus, followed by small intestine, placenta, colon, pancreas and ovary. Weakly expressed in breast.

Cellular localization

  • Nucleus
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cytoplasm
  • Perinuclear region
  • Mitochondrion matrix
  • Chromosome
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cytoskeleton
  • Microtubule organizing center
  • Centrosome
  • Colocalizes with RAD51AP1 and RPA2 to multiple nuclear foci upon induction of DNA damage (PubMed:20154705). DNA damage induces an increase in nuclear levels (PubMed:20154705). Together with FIGNL1, redistributed in discrete nuclear DNA damage-induced foci after ionizing radiation (IR) or camptothecin (CPT) treatment (PubMed:23754376). Accumulated at sites of DNA damage in a SPIDR-dependent manner (PubMed:23509288). Recruited at sites of DNA damage in a MCM9-MCM8-dependent manner (PubMed:23401855). Colocalizes with ERCC5/XPG to nuclear foci in S phase (PubMed:26833090).

Alternative names

  • DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1
  • HsRAD51
  • hRAD51
  • RAD51 homolog A
  • RAD51A
  • RAD51
  • RECA

Target type

Proteins

Primary research area

Epigenetics

Other research areas

  • Oncology

Molecular weight

36966Da

We found 25 products in 2 categories

Proteins & Peptides

Target

Species of origin

Nature