Reg3b
Domain
The EPN motif is essential for recognition of the peptidoglycan carbohydrate backbone and for efficient bacterial killing with Glu-114 playing a key role in peptidoglycan binding and bactericidal activity.
Function
Bactericidal C-type lectin which acts against several intestinal Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Lacks antibacterial activity against S.typhimurium. May play a role in protection against infection with S.enteritidis by inhibiting its translocation from the gut lumen into intestinal tissues and further extraintestinal tissues.
Acts as a hormone in response to different stimuli. Secreted by different cell types to activate its receptor EXTL3 and induce cell specific signaling pathways (PubMed:34099862). In pancreas, is able stimulate cell proliferation (PubMed:34099862).
Involvement in disease
Overexpressed during the acute phase of pancreatitis.
Post-translational modifications
Proteolytic processing by trypsin removes an inhibitory N-terminal propeptide and is essential for peptidoglycan binding and antibacterial activity.
Tissue Specificity
Constitutively expressed in the small intestine, moderately in colon and at an extremely low level in healthy pancreas.
Cellular localization
- Secreted
- Found in the apical region of pancreatic acinar cells.
Alternative names
Pap, Pap1, Reg3b, Regenerating islet-derived protein 3-beta, REG-3-beta, Pancreatitis-associated protein 1, Regenerating islet-derived protein III-beta, Reg III-beta