RIF1

Developmental stage

Expression peaks in late G2/S phase of the cell cycle.

Function

Key regulator of TP53BP1 that plays a key role in the repair of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) in response to DNA damage: acts by promoting non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)-mediated repair of DSBs (PubMed:15342490, PubMed:28241136). In response to DNA damage, interacts with ATM-phosphorylated TP53BP1 (PubMed:23333306, PubMed:28241136). Interaction with TP53BP1 leads to dissociate the interaction between NUDT16L1/TIRR and TP53BP1, thereby unmasking the tandem Tudor-like domain of TP53BP1 and allowing recruitment to DNA DSBs (PubMed:28241136). Once recruited to DSBs, RIF1 and TP53BP1 act by promoting NHEJ-mediated repair of DSBs (PubMed:23333306). In the same time, RIF1 and TP53BP1 specifically counteract the function of BRCA1 by blocking DSBs resection via homologous recombination (HR) during G1 phase (PubMed:23333306). Also required for immunoglobulin class-switch recombination (CSR) during antibody genesis, a process that involves the generation of DNA DSBs (By similarity). Promotes NHEJ of dysfunctional telomeres (By similarity).

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the RIF1 family.

Tissue specificity

Highly expressed in testis.

Cellular localization

• Nucleus
• Chromosome
• Chromosome
• Telomere
• Cytoplasm
• Cytoskeleton
• Spindle
• Following interaction with TP53BP1, recruited to sites of DNA damage, such as DSBs (By similarity). Exhibits ATM- and TP53BP1-dependent localization to uncapped or aberrant telomeres and to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) (PubMed:15342490). Does not associate with normal telomere structures (PubMed:15342490, PubMed:15583028). Localizes to microtubules of the midzone of the mitotic spindle during anaphase, and to condensed chromosomes in telophase (PubMed:15583028).

Alternative names

• Telomere-associated protein RIF1
• Rap1-interacting factor 1 homolog
• RIF1

Database links

• entrezGene:55183
• omim:608952
• swissprot:Q5UIP0

Target type

Proteins

Primary research area

Oncology

Molecular weight

274466Da