RSPO2
Domain
The FU repeat is required for activation and stabilization of beta-catenin.
Function
Activator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway by acting as a ligand for LGR4-6 receptors. Upon binding to LGR4-6 (LGR4, LGR5 or LGR6), LGR4-6 associate with phosphorylated LRP6 and frizzled receptors that are activated by extracellular Wnt receptors, triggering the canonical Wnt signaling pathway to increase expression of target genes. Also regulates the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin-dependent pathway and non-canonical Wnt signaling by acting as an inhibitor of ZNRF3, an important regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway (PubMed:21727895, PubMed:21909076, PubMed:22615920). During embryonic development, plays a crucial role in limb specification, amplifying the Wnt signaling pathway independently of LGR4-6 receptors, possibly by acting as a direct antagonistic ligand to RNF43 and ZNRF3, hence governing the number of limbs an embryo should form (PubMed:29769720).
Involvement in disease
Tetraamelia syndrome 2
TETAMS2
A form of tetraamelia, a rare disease characterized by rudimentary appendages or complete absence of all four limbs, and other anomalies such as craniofacial, nervous system, pulmonary, skeletal and urogenital defects. TETAMS2 patients manifest limb deformities, bilateral agenesis of the lungs, abnormalities of the pulmonary vasculature, labioscrotal fold aplasia, and dysmorphic features including bilateral cleft lip/palate, ankyloglossia, mandibular hypoplasia, and microretrognathia. TETAMS2 transmission pattern is consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Humerofemoral hypoplasia with radiotibial ray deficiency
HHRRD
A severe disease characterized by reduction of all four limbs as well as hypoplasia of the upper limb girdle and pelvis. Rudimentary finger- or toe-like appendages may be present. HHRRD transmission pattern is consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the R-spondin family.
Cellular localization
- Secreted
Alternative names
UNQ9384/PRO34209, RSPO2, R-spondin-2, Roof plate-specific spondin-2, hRspo2