S100B

GeneName

S100B

Summary

S100B, also known as S100 beta or S100 calcium binding protein B, is a 11 kDa protein that is predominantly expressed in astrocytes and neurons within the central nervous system. It is located in various cellular compartments including the cytoplasm, nucleus, and extracellular region. S100B plays a role in calcium ion binding and is involved in several biological processes such as astrocyte differentiation, axonogenesis, and regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity. It also interacts with other proteins, including tau and the RAGE receptor, and is implicated in cell adhesion and responses to hypoxia.

Importance

S100B is relevant to: - Neurodegenerative diseases, as it is associated with neuronal injury and glial activation - Brain development and plasticity, contributing to learning and memory processes - The regulation of inflammatory responses in the central nervous system - Potential as a biomarker for various neurological disorders, including traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer’s disease

Top Products

For researchers investigating S100B, we recommend two primary antibodies that cater to various experimental needs. The first is the well-cited monoclonal antibody, Anti-S100 beta antibody [EP1576Y] (ab52642), which has garnered 587 citations, reflecting its strong reputation in the field. This antibody is particularly effective for immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunocytochemistry (ICC), and western blotting (WB), making it a versatile choice for S100B detection.Additionally, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-S100 beta antibody [SP127] (ab115803). This product is suitable for IHC and flow cytometry (FC), providing researchers with the batch-to-batch consistency that recombinant antibodies are known for. Together, these antibodies provide robust options for studying S100B in various applications. The S100B ELISA Kit (ab234573), supported by 14 citations, is an excellent option for researchers looking to accurately measure S100B levels in their samples.

Abcam Product Citation Summary

The data indicates that Abcam antibody ab52642 is widely used for detecting S100B in various species, particularly in mouse and rat models. The applications include immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and Western blotting (WB), highlighting its versatility in studying neurogenic processes, nerve injury, and regeneration. The studies focus on important biological contexts such as astrocytic protein markers, cognitive flexibility, and the effects of specific treatments on neural cells.

Abcam Product Citation Table

Function

Small zinc- and- and calcium-binding protein that is highly expressed in astrocytes and constitutes one of the most abundant soluble proteins in brain (PubMed:20950652, PubMed:6487634). Weakly binds calcium but binds zinc very tightly-distinct binding sites with different affinities exist for both ions on each monomer (PubMed:20950652, PubMed:6487634). Physiological concentrations of potassium ion antagonize the binding of both divalent cations, especially affecting high-affinity calcium-binding sites (By similarity). Acts as a neurotrophic factor that promotes astrocytosis and axonal proliferation (By similarity). Involved in innervation of thermogenic adipose tissue by acting as an adipocyte-derived neurotrophic factor that promotes sympathetic innervation of adipose tissue (By similarity). Binds to and initiates the activation of STK38 by releasing autoinhibitory intramolecular interactions within the kinase (By similarity). Interaction with AGER after myocardial infarction may play a role in myocyte apoptosis by activating ERK1/2 and p53/TP53 signaling (By similarity). Could assist ATAD3A cytoplasmic processing, preventing aggregation and favoring mitochondrial localization (PubMed:20351179). May mediate calcium-dependent regulation on many physiological processes by interacting with other proteins, such as TPR-containing proteins, and modulating their activity (PubMed:22399290).

Sequence Similarities

Belongs to the S-100 family.

Tissue Specificity

Although predominant among the water-soluble brain proteins, S100 is also found in a variety of other tissues.

Cellular localization

• Cytoplasm
• Nucleus
• Secreted
• Secretion into the medium is promoted by interaction with isoform CLSTN3beta of CLSTN3.

Alternative names

Protein S100-B, S-100 protein beta chain, S-100 protein subunit beta, S100 calcium-binding protein B, S100B

Database links

swissprot:P04271 omim:176990 entrezGene:6285

Other research areas

• Cardiovascular
• Oncology