Setd1a
Developmental stage
High expression is detected in the oocyte that declines to a stable level from the 8-cell stage until 8.5 dpc.
Function
Histone methyltransferase that catalyzes methyl group transfer from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the epsilon-amino group of 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (H3K4) via a non-processive mechanism. Part of chromatin remodeling machinery, forms H3K4me1, H3K4me2 and H3K4me3 methylation marks at active chromatin sites where transcription and DNA repair take place (By similarity). Responsible for H3K4me3 enriched promoters and transcriptional programming of inner mass stem cells and neuron progenitors during embryogenesis (PubMed:24550110, PubMed:29490266, PubMed:31197650). Required for H3K4me1 mark at stalled replication forks. Mediates FANCD2-dependent nucleosome remodeling and RAD51 nucleofilaments stabilization at reversed forks, protecting them from nucleolytic degradation. Does not methylate 'Lys-4' of histone H3 if the neighboring 'Lys-9' residue is already methylated (By similarity). Has RNA binding activity towards transcripts involved in RNA processing and the DNA damage response (By similarity).
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
Cellular localization
- Nucleus
- Nucleus speckle
- Chromosome
- Cytoplasm
- Localizes to a largely non-overlapping set of euchromatic nuclear speckles with SETD1B, suggesting that SETD1A and SETD1B each bind to a unique set of target genes (By similarity). Predominantly nuclear (By similarity).
Alternative names
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETD1A, SET domain-containing protein 1A, Setd1a