SLC27A2
Function
Mediates the import of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) into the cell by facilitating their transport across cell membranes, playing an important role in hepatic fatty acid uptake (PubMed:10198260, PubMed:10749848, PubMed:11980911, PubMed:20530735, PubMed:22022213, PubMed:24269233). Also functions as an acyl-CoA ligase catalyzing the ATP-dependent formation of fatty acyl-CoA using LCFA and very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) as substrates, which prevents fatty acid efflux from cells and might drive more fatty acid uptake (PubMed:10198260, PubMed:10749848, PubMed:11980911, PubMed:20530735, PubMed:22022213, PubMed:24269233). Plays a pivotal role in regulating available LCFA substrates from exogenous sources in tissues undergoing high levels of beta-oxidation or triglyceride synthesis (PubMed:20530735). Can also activate branched-chain fatty acids such as phytanic acid and pristanic acid (PubMed:10198260). May contribute to the synthesis of sphingosine-1-phosphate (PubMed:24269233). Does not activate C24 bile acids, cholate and chenodeoxycholate (PubMed:11980911). In vitro, activates 3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholestanate (THCA), the C27 precursor of cholic acid deriving from the de novo synthesis from cholesterol (PubMed:11980911). However, it is not critical for THCA activation and bile synthesis in vivo (PubMed:20530735).
Isoform 1
Exhibits both long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) transport activity and acyl CoA synthetase towards very long-chain fatty acids (PubMed:10198260, PubMed:21768100). Shows a preference for generating CoA derivatives of n-3 fatty acids, which are preferentially trafficked into phosphatidylinositol (PubMed:21768100).
Isoform 2
Exhibits long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) transport activity but lacks acyl CoA synthetase towards very long-chain fatty acids.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
Tissue Specificity
Isoform 1
Expressed in liver, kidney, placenta, intestine, brain, heart, and colon (PubMed:10198260, PubMed:21768100, PubMed:24269233). Predominantly expressed in liver (PubMed:20530735).
Isoform 2
Expressed in liver, placenta, and intestine, but much lower relative to isoform 1.
Cellular localization
- Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- Multi-pass membrane protein
- Peroxisome membrane
- Peripheral membrane protein
- Cell membrane
- Multi-pass membrane protein
- Microsome
Alternative names
ACSVL1, FACVL1, FATP2, VLACS, SLC27A2, Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 2, Arachidonate--CoA ligase, Fatty acid transport protein 2, Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase, Phytanate--CoA ligase, Solute carrier family 27 member 2, THCA-CoA ligase, Very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase, Very long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase, FATP-2, VLCS