SLC2A4 phospho S488 + S488
Domain
The dileucine internalization motif is critical for intracellular sequestration.
Function
Insulin-regulated facilitative glucose transporter, which plays a key role in removal of glucose from circulation. Response to insulin is regulated by its intracellular localization: in the absence of insulin, it is efficiently retained intracellularly within storage compartments in muscle and fat cells. Upon insulin stimulation, translocates from these compartments to the cell surface where it transports glucose from the extracellular milieu into the cell.
Involvement in disease
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
T2D
A multifactorial disorder of glucose homeostasis caused by a lack of sensitivity to insulin. Affected individuals usually have an obese body habitus and manifestations of a metabolic syndrome characterized by diabetes, insulin resistance, hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia. The disease results in long-term complications that affect the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels.
None
The disease may be caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Post-translational modifications
Sumoylated.
Palmitoylated (PubMed:28057756). Palmitoylation by ZDHHC7 controls the insulin-dependent translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane (PubMed:28057756).
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. Glucose transporter subfamily.
Tissue Specificity
Skeletal and cardiac muscles; brown and white fat.
Cellular localization
- Cell membrane
- Multi-pass membrane protein
- Endomembrane system
- Multi-pass membrane protein
- Cytoplasm
- Perinuclear region
- Localizes primarily to the perinuclear region, undergoing continued recycling to the plasma membrane where it is rapidly reinternalized (PubMed:8300557). The dileucine internalization motif is critical for intracellular sequestration (PubMed:8300557). Insulin stimulation induces translocation to the cell membrane (By similarity).
Alternative names
GLUT4, SLC2A4, GLUT-4