SPP1
GeneName
SPP1
Summary
SPP1, also known as OPN or IMP, is a 35kDa secreted glycoprotein that plays a multifaceted role in various biological processes. It is primarily expressed in the extracellular space and is associated with cell projections, the endoplasmic reticulum lumen, and the Golgi apparatus. SPP1 functions as a cytokine and is involved in integrin binding, extracellular matrix interactions, and small molecule binding. Its biological activities encompass cell adhesion, osteoblast differentiation, and the regulation of bone resorption, as well as responses to steroid hormones and various stimuli such as testosterone and vitamin D.
Importance
SPP1 is relevant to: - Bone metabolism and pathology, particularly in conditions like osteoporosis due to its role in osteoblast differentiation and bone resorption regulation. - Cancer biology, as it influences tumour progression and metastasis through its interactions with the extracellular matrix and immune modulation. - Wound healing and tissue regeneration, given its involvement in cell adhesion and migration processes. - Endocrine regulation, particularly in the context of steroid hormones and their effects on cellular responses.
Top Products
For researchers investigating SPP1, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies. The first is the well-cited polyclonal antibody, Anti-Osteopontin antibody (ab8448), which has garnered 496 citations, highlighting its reliability in immunohistochemistry (IHC). This antibody is a trusted choice for those focusing on SPP1 detection in tissue samples. Additionally, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-Osteopontin antibody [EPR21139-316] (ab214050). This product has been validated for use in multiple applications, including Western blotting (WB), IHC, immunocytochemistry (ICC), and immunoprecipitation (IP). With 85 citations, it is also gaining traction in the research community. The recombinant nature of this antibody ensures batch-to-batch consistency, making it an excellent option for researchers seeking dependable results in their studies of SPP1. "The Human Osteopontin ELISA Kit (ab269374), supported by 6 citations, is an excellent option for researchers looking to accurately measure SPP1 levels in their samples."
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that SPP1 is being studied in various contexts, particularly in relation to bone diseases such as Paget's disease, as well as in cancer and fibrosis. The use of multiple species, including humans, rats, and mice, highlights the relevance of SPP1 across different biological models. The applications of Western blotting and immunohistochemistry are prevalent, suggesting a focus on protein expression and localisation in these studies.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Major non-collagenous bone protein that binds tightly to hydroxyapatite. Appears to form an integral part of the mineralized matrix. Probably important to cell-matrix interaction.
Acts as a cytokine involved in enhancing production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-12 and reducing production of interleukin-10 and is essential in the pathway that leads to type I immunity.
Post-translational modifications
Forms covalent cross-links mediated by transglutaminase TGM2, between a glutamine and the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue, forming homopolymers and heteropolymers, increasing its collagen binding properties.
Extensively phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium at multiple sites within the S-x-E/pS motif (PubMed:15869464, PubMed:22582013, PubMed:26091039). The phosphorylated form inhibits hydroxyapatite crystallization. Dephosphorylation via a mechanism involving ALPL/TNAP promotes hydroxyapatite crystallization (By similarity).
O-glycosylated. Isoform 5 is GalNAc O-glycosylated at Thr-59 or Ser-62.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the osteopontin family.
Tissue Specificity
Detected in cerebrospinal fluid and urine (at protein level) (PubMed:25326458, PubMed:36213313, PubMed:37453717). Bone. Found in plasma.
Cellular localization
- Secreted
Alternative names
BNSP, OPN, PSEC0156, SPP1, Osteopontin, Bone sialoprotein 1, Nephropontin, Secreted phosphoprotein 1, Urinary stone protein, Uropontin, SPP-1
Database links
swissprot:P10451 entrezGene:6696 omim:166490
Other research areas
- Immunology & Infectious Disease
- Neuroscience
- Oncology