STAT3

Function

Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interleukins, KITLG/SCF, LEP and other growth factors (PubMed:10688651, PubMed:12359225, PubMed:12873986, PubMed:15194700, PubMed:17344214, PubMed:18242580, PubMed:23084476). Once activated, recruits coactivators, such as NCOA1 or MED1, to the promoter region of the target gene (PubMed:17344214). May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4 (PubMed:12873986). Upon activation of IL6ST/gp130 signaling by interleukin-6 (IL6), binds to the IL6-responsive elements identified in the promoters of various acute-phase protein genes (PubMed:12359225). Activated by IL31 through IL31RA (PubMed:15194700). Acts as a regulator of inflammatory response by regulating differentiation of naive CD4(+) T-cells into T-helper Th17 or regulatory T-cells (Treg): deacetylation and oxidation of lysine residues by LOXL3, leads to disrupt STAT3 dimerization and inhibit its transcription activity (PubMed:28065600). Involved in cell cycle regulation by inducing the expression of key genes for the progression from G1 to S phase, such as CCND1 (PubMed:17344214). Mediates the effects of LEP on melanocortin production, body energy homeostasis and lactation (By similarity). May play an apoptotic role by transctivating BIRC5 expression under LEP activation (PubMed:18242580). Cytoplasmic STAT3 represses macroautophagy by inhibiting EIF2AK2/PKR activity (PubMed:23084476). Plays a crucial role in basal beta cell functions, such as regulation of insulin secretion (By similarity).

Involvement in disease

Hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome 1, autosomal dominant

HIES1

A rare disorder of immunity and connective tissue characterized by immunodeficiency, chronic eosinophilia, distinctive coarse facial appearance, abnormal dentition, hyperextensibility of the joints, and bone fractures.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Autoimmune disease, multisystem, infantile-onset, 1

ADMIO1

A disorder characterized by early childhood onset of a spectrum of autoimmune manifestations affecting multiple organs, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and autoimmune enteropathy or celiac disease. Other features include short stature, non-specific dermatitis, hypothyroidism, autoimmune arthritis, and delayed puberty.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Post-translational modifications

Tyrosine phosphorylated upon stimulation with EGF. Tyrosine phosphorylated in response to constitutively activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4 (By similarity). Activated through tyrosine phosphorylation by BMX. Tyrosine phosphorylated in response to IL6, IL11, LIF, CNTF, KITLG/SCF, CSF1, EGF, PDGF, IFN-alpha, LEP and OSM. Activated KIT promotes phosphorylation on tyrosine residues and subsequent translocation to the nucleus. Phosphorylated on serine upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR. Serine phosphorylation is important for the formation of stable DNA-binding STAT3 homodimers and maximal transcriptional activity. ARL2BP may participate in keeping the phosphorylated state of STAT3 within the nucleus. Upon LPS challenge, phosphorylated within the nucleus by IRAK1. Upon erythropoietin treatment, phosphorylated on Ser-727 by RPS6KA5. Phosphorylation at Tyr-705 by PTK6 or FER leads to an increase of its transcriptional activity (PubMed:12763138, PubMed:16568091, PubMed:21135090). Dephosphorylation on tyrosine residues by PTPN2 negatively regulates IL6/interleukin-6 signaling.

Acetylated on lysine residues by CREBBP. Deacetylation by LOXL3 leads to disrupt STAT3 dimerization and inhibit STAT3 transcription activity (PubMed:28065600). Oxidation of lysine residues to allysine on STAT3 preferentially takes place on lysine residues that are acetylated (PubMed:28065600).

Some lysine residues are oxidized to allysine by LOXL3, leading to disrupt STAT3 dimerization and inhibit STAT3 transcription activity (PubMed:28065600). Oxidation of lysine residues to allysine on STAT3 preferentially takes place on lysine residues that are acetylated (PubMed:28065600).

(Microbial infection) Phosphorylated on Tyr-705 in the presence of S.typhimurium SarA.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the transcription factor STAT family.

Tissue specificity

Heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas. Expressed in naive CD4(+) T cells as well as T-helper Th17, Th1 and Th2 cells (PubMed:31899195).

Cellular localization

• Cytoplasm
• Nucleus
• Shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Translocated into the nucleus upon tyrosine phosphorylation and dimerization, in response to signaling by activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 or FGFR4. Constitutive nuclear presence is independent of tyrosine phosphorylation. Predominantly present in the cytoplasm without stimuli. Upon leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) stimulation, accumulates in the nucleus. The complex composed of BART and ARL2 plays an important role in the nuclear translocation and retention of STAT3. Identified in a complex with LYN and PAG1.

Alternative names

• Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
• Acute-phase response factor
• STAT3
• APRF

Database links

• entrezGene:6774
• omim:102582
• swissprot:P40763

Target type

Proteins

Primary research area

Epigenetics

Other research areas

• Immuno-oncology
• Immunology & Infectious Disease
• Oncology

Molecular weight

88068Da