TBP
GeneName
TBP
Summary
TBP, also known as TATA box binding protein, BAP, or TFIID, is a 38 kDa protein that plays a pivotal role in the initiation of transcription by binding to the TATA box within the core promoter region of genes. It is a component of several transcription factor complexes, including TFIID and SL1, and is essential for the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex. TBP is expressed in various tissues, including germ cells, where it is found in the nucleus and nucleoplasm, as well as in chromatin and protein-containing complexes. Its functions include facilitating DNA binding and serving as a transcription factor for RNA polymerase I, II, and III, thereby influencing gene expression during processes such as spermatogenesis and mRNA transcription.
Importance
TBP is relevant to: - Understanding the mechanisms of transcription regulation, which is fundamental to gene expression and cellular function - Investigating the role of transcription factors in development and differentiation, particularly in germ cell biology - Studying diseases associated with transcriptional dysregulation, including cancer and genetic disorders - Exploring the dynamics of RNA polymerase interactions and the assembly of transcription complexes in various cellular contexts
Top Products
For researchers investigating TBP, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies. The first is the well-cited Anti-TATA binding protein TBP antibody [1TBP18] (ab818), which has garnered 283 citations, highlighting its reliability in ChIP and flow cytometry applications. This monoclonal antibody is particularly valued as a loading control and for its performance in chromatin immunoprecipitation.Additionally, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-TATA binding protein TBP antibody [EPR21954] (ab220788). This versatile product has been validated for use in a range of applications, including Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, and immunoprecipitation. With 9 citations, it is gaining traction in the research community and provides the batch-to-batch consistency that researchers often seek in their experiments.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that TBP (TATA-binding protein) is frequently studied in various human and mouse cell types, particularly in the context of Western blotting. The studies encompass a range of biological contexts, including differentiation processes, cancer research, and cellular stress responses. The use of TBP as a loading control highlights its importance in ensuring the accuracy of protein quantification in these experiments.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
The TFIID basal transcription factor complex plays a major role in the initiation of RNA polymerase II (Pol II)-dependent transcription (PubMed:33795473). TFIID recognizes and binds promoters with or without a TATA box via its subunit TBP, a TATA-box-binding protein, and promotes assembly of the pre-initiation complex (PIC) (PubMed:2194289, PubMed:2363050, PubMed:2374612, PubMed:27193682, PubMed:33795473). The TFIID complex consists of TBP and TBP-associated factors (TAFs), including TAF1, TAF2, TAF3, TAF4, TAF5, TAF6, TAF7, TAF8, TAF9, TAF10, TAF11, TAF12 and TAF13 (PubMed:27007846, PubMed:33795473). The TFIID complex structure can be divided into 3 modules TFIID-A, TFIID-B, and TFIID-C (PubMed:33795473). TBP forms the TFIID-A module together with TAF3 and TAF5 (PubMed:33795473). TBP is a general transcription factor that functions at the core of the TFIID complex (PubMed:2194289, PubMed:2363050, PubMed:2374612, PubMed:27193682, PubMed:33795473, PubMed:9836642). During assembly of the core PIC on the promoter, as part of TFIID, TBP binds to and also bends promoter DNA, irrespective of whether the promoter contains a TATA box (PubMed:33795473). Component of a BRF2-containing transcription factor complex that regulates transcription mediated by RNA polymerase III (PubMed:26638071). Component of the transcription factor SL1/TIF-IB complex, which is involved in the assembly of the PIC during RNA polymerase I-dependent transcription (PubMed:15970593). The rate of PIC formation probably is primarily dependent on the rate of association of SL1 with the rDNA promoter (PubMed:15970593). SL1 is involved in stabilization of nucleolar transcription factor 1/UBTF on rDNA (PubMed:15970593).
Involvement in disease
Spinocerebellar ataxia 17
SCA17
Spinocerebellar ataxia is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of cerebellar disorders. Patients show progressive incoordination of gait and often poor coordination of hands, speech and eye movements, due to degeneration of the cerebellum with variable involvement of the brainstem and spinal cord. SCA17 is an autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA) characterized by widespread cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, dementia and extrapyramidal signs. The molecular defect in SCA17 is the expansion of a CAG repeat in the coding region of TBP. Longer expansions result in earlier onset and more severe clinical manifestations of the disease.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the TBP family.
Tissue Specificity
Widely expressed, with levels highest in the testis and ovary.
Cellular localization
- Nucleus
Alternative names
GTF2D1, TF2D, TFIID, TBP, TATA-box-binding protein, TATA sequence-binding protein, TATA-binding factor, TATA-box factor, Transcription initiation factor TFIID TBP subunit