THBD
GeneName
THBD
Summary
THBD, also known as thrombomodulin or CD141, is a 60 kDa transmembrane protein predominantly expressed on the surface of endothelial cells. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood coagulation by serving as a receptor for thrombin, which, upon binding, activates protein C, leading to the inactivation of factors Va and VIIIa. This process is essential for maintaining haemostasis and preventing excessive clot formation. THBD is localised to the apicolateral plasma membrane and extracellular space, participating in various signalling pathways that influence platelet activation and fibrinolysis.
Importance
THBD is relevant to: - The regulation of coagulation and fibrinolysis, making it important in understanding thrombotic disorders. - Female pregnancy, where it plays a role in modulating blood flow and preventing thrombosis in the placenta. - Responses to inflammatory stimuli, such as lipopolysaccharides, which can impact coagulation processes. - Therapeutic targets for anticoagulant therapies and strategies to manage conditions like sepsis and cardiovascular diseases.
Top Products
For researchers investigating THBD, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies. The first is the well-cited Anti-Thrombomodulin antibody [PBS-01] (ab6980), a trusted monoclonal antibody with 24 citations, demonstrating its reliability in flow cytometry (FC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Additionally, we offer the recombinant Anti-Thrombomodulin antibody [EPR4051] (ab109189), which has been validated in a broader range of applications, including Western blotting (WB), immunocytochemistry (ICC), immunoprecipitation (IP), and FC. With 18 citations, this recombinant antibody provides the batch-to-batch consistency that many researchers seek. Both products are excellent choices for effective THBD detection in your studies. The Anti-Thrombomodulin antibody ELISA Kit (ab6980), supported by 24 citations, is an excellent option for researchers looking to accurately measure THBD levels in their samples.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The use of the Abcam antibody ab6980 for detecting THBD in human aortic endothelial cells highlights its relevance in studies investigating the effects of cigarette smoke on vascular biology. This suggests a potential role for THBD in the context of smoking-related vascular damage.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Domain
Extracellular region (481-515) contains a binding side for alpha-L/beta-2 and alpha-M/beta-2 integrin.
Function
Endothelial cell receptor that plays a critical role in regulating several physiological processes including hemostasis, coagulation, fibrinolysis, inflammation, and angiogenesis (PubMed:10761923). Acts as a cofactor for thrombin activation of protein C/PROC on the surface of vascular endothelial cells leading to initiation of the activated protein C anticoagulant pathway (PubMed:29323190, PubMed:33836597, PubMed:9395524). Also accelerates the activation of the plasma carboxypeptidase B2/CPB2, which catalyzes removal of C-terminal basic amino acids from its substrates including kinins or anaphylatoxins leading to fibrinolysis inhibition (PubMed:26663133). Plays critical protective roles in changing the cleavage specificity of protease-activated receptor 1/PAR1, inhibiting endothelial cell permeability and inflammation (By similarity). Suppresses inflammation distinctly from its anticoagulant cofactor activity by sequestering HMGB1 thereby preventing it from engaging cellular receptors such as RAGE and contributing to the inflammatory response (PubMed:15841214).
Involvement in disease
Thrombophilia due to thrombomodulin defect
THPH12
A hemostatic disorder characterized by a tendency to thrombosis.
None
The disease may be caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. The role of thrombomodulin in thrombosis is controversial. It is likely that genetic or environmental risk factors in addition to THBD variation are involved in the pathogenesis of venous thrombosis.
Hemolytic uremic syndrome, atypical, 6
AHUS6
An atypical form of hemolytic uremic syndrome. It is a complex genetic disease characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, renal failure and absence of episodes of enterocolitis and diarrhea. In contrast to typical hemolytic uremic syndrome, atypical forms have a poorer prognosis, with higher death rates and frequent progression to end-stage renal disease.
None
Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Other genes may play a role in modifying the phenotype.
Post-translational modifications
N-glycosylated.
The iron and 2-oxoglutarate dependent 3-hydroxylation of aspartate and asparagine is (R) stereospecific within EGF domains.
Tissue Specificity
Endothelial cells are unique in synthesizing thrombomodulin.
Cellular localization
- Membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
Alternative names
CD141, THRM, THBD, Thrombomodulin, TM, Fetomodulin