THOC5
Function
Component of the THO subcomplex of the TREX complex which is thought to couple mRNA transcription, processing and nuclear export, and which specifically associates with spliced mRNA and not with unspliced pre-mRNA (PubMed:15833825, PubMed:15998806, PubMed:17190602). Plays a key structural role in the oligomerization of the THO-DDX39B complex (PubMed:33191911). TREX is recruited to spliced mRNAs by a transcription-independent mechanism, binds to mRNA upstream of the exon-junction complex (EJC) and is recruited in a splicing- and cap-dependent manner to a region near the 5' end of the mRNA where it functions in mRNA export to the cytoplasm via the TAP/NXF1 pathway (PubMed:15833825, PubMed:15998806, PubMed:17190602). THOC5 in conjunction with ALYREF/THOC4 functions in NXF1-NXT1 mediated nuclear export of HSP70 mRNA; both proteins enhance the RNA binding activity of NXF1 and are required for NXF1 localization to the nuclear rim. Involved in transcription elongation and genome stability (PubMed:18974867). Involved in alternative polyadenylation site choice by recruiting CPSF6 to 5' region of target genes; probably mediates association of the TREX and CFIm complexes (PubMed:23685434).
Regulates the expression of myeloid transcription factors CEBPA, CEBPB and GAB2 by enhancing the levels of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate. May be involved in the differentiation of granulocytes and adipocytes. Essential for hematopoietic primitive cell survival and plays an integral role in monocytic development.
(Microbial infection) The TREX complex is essential for the export of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) intronless mRNAs and infectious virus production.
Post-translational modifications
Phosphorylated on tyrosine upon binding to activated CSF1R; which causes a dissociation of the two proteins. Phosphorylation on Ser-5 and/or Ser-6 is required for nuclear export. Phosphorylated on Thr-328 in insulin-stimulated adipocytes (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Tyr-225 modulates mRNA binding.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the THOC5 family.
Tissue Specificity
Ubiquitously expressed.
Cellular localization
- Nucleus
- Cytoplasm
- Shuttles between nucleus and cytoplasm.
Alternative names
C22orf19, KIAA0983, THOC5, THO complex subunit 5, Functional spliceosome-associated protein 79, NF2/meningioma region protein pK1.3, Placental protein 39.2, hTREX90, fSAP79, PP39.2