TIM 4

Phosphatidylserine receptor that plays different role in immune response including phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and T-cell regulation (PubMed:17960135). Controls T-cell activation in a bimodal fashion, decreasing the activation of naive T-cells by inducing cell cycle arrest, while increasing proliferation of activated T-cells by activating AKT1 and ERK1/2 phosphorylations and subsequent signaling pathways. Also plays a role in efferocytosis which is the process by which apoptotic cells are removed by phagocytic cells (PubMed:18354194, PubMed:18367551). Mechanistically, promotes the engulfment of apoptotic cells or exogenous particles by securing them to phagocytes through direct binding to phosphatidylserine present on apoptotic cells, while other engulfment receptors such as MERTK efficiently recognize apoptotic cells and mediate their ingestion (By similarity). Additionally, promotes autophagy process by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activity via activation of STK11/PRKAA1 pathway in a phosphatidylserine-dependent mechanism (PubMed:31263038).

Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. TIM family.

Predominantly expressed in lymphoid tissues, such as spleen, lymph nodes, and Peyer patches. Also expressed in fetal liver, salivary gland, and spleen stromal cells, predominantly in the marginal zone and to a lesser extent throughout the white pulp. Not expressed in bone marrow-derived cells. Expressed mainly by antigen presenting cells (APCs) in T- and B-cell areas, but not by T- or B-lymphocytes.

• Membrane
• Single-pass type I membrane protein

Tim4, Timd4, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 4, TIMD-4, T-cell immunoglobulin mucin receptor 4, T-cell membrane protein 4, SMUCKLER, TIM-4

• entrezGene:276891
• swissprot:Q6U7R4

Proteins

Immuno-oncology

37548Da