TJP1
GeneName
TJP1
Summary
TJP1, also known as ZO-1 or ZO1, is a 195 kDa protein that plays a pivotal role in maintaining the integrity of tight junctions and adherens junctions in epithelial and endothelial cells. It is primarily localised to the plasma membrane and is involved in the assembly and organisation of cell-cell junctions, facilitating cell adhesion and communication. TJP1 interacts with various proteins, including cadherins and calmodulin, and is essential for the establishment and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier and intestinal barrier. Additionally, it is implicated in actin cytoskeleton organisation and has a role in regulating cell migration and proliferation.
Importance
TJP1 is relevant to: - The maintenance of epithelial and endothelial barriers, which is crucial for tissue homeostasis and function. - The regulation of blood-brain barrier permeability, impacting neurological health and disease. - The organisation of cell junctions, which is vital for cellular communication and integrity in various tissues. - Processes such as sprouting angiogenesis and ameloblast differentiation, linking it to developmental biology and tissue repair.
Top Products
For researchers investigating TJP1, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies that cater to various applications. The first is the well-cited polyclonal antibody, Anti-ZO1 tight junction protein antibody (ab96587), which has garnered 236 citations, highlighting its reliability in Western blotting (WB) and immunocytochemistry (ICC). This antibody is a trusted choice for those focusing on TJP1 research. Additionally, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-ZO1 tight junction protein antibody [EPR19945-296] (ab221547). This product has been validated for use in immunocytochemistry (ICC), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and flow cytometry (FC), making it a versatile option for researchers seeking consistent performance across different applications. With 171 citations, it is also gaining recognition in the scientific community. Together, these antibodies provide robust tools for studying TJP1 effectively.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that TJP1 is being studied in various contexts related to cell junction integrity, tight junction proteins, and responses to different treatments such as hypoxia, heat, and dietary effects. The use of multiple species, including humans and mice, highlights the relevance of TJP1 in both basic and applied biomedical research.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Domain
The 244-aa domain between residues 633 and 876 is the primary occludin (OCLN)-binding site and is required for stable association with the tight junction (PubMed:9792688).
The C-terminal region (residues 1151-1372) is an actin-binding region (ABR) that interacts directly with F-actin and plays an important role in the localization of TJP1 at junctions (PubMed:12354695, PubMed:20930113, PubMed:9792688). The ABR is also required for the localization to puncta at the free edge of cells before initiation of cell-cell contact (PubMed:12354695). The ABR is also necessary for TJP1 recruitment to podosomes (PubMed:20930113).
The second PDZ domain (PDZ2) mediates homodimerization and heterodimerization with TJP2 and TJP3 (PubMed:17928286, PubMed:9792688).
Function
TJP1, TJP2, and TJP3 are closely related scaffolding proteins that link tight junction (TJ) transmembrane proteins such as claudins, junctional adhesion molecules, and occludin to the actin cytoskeleton (PubMed:7798316, PubMed:9792688). The tight junction acts to limit movement of substances through the paracellular space and as a boundary between the compositionally distinct apical and basolateral plasma membrane domains of epithelial and endothelial cells. Necessary for lumenogenesis, and particularly efficient epithelial polarization and barrier formation (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of cell migration by targeting CDC42BPB to the leading edge of migrating cells (PubMed:21240187). Plays an important role in podosome formation and associated function, thus regulating cell adhesion and matrix remodeling (PubMed:20930113). With TJP2 and TJP3, participates in the junctional retention and stability of the transcription factor DBPA, but is not involved in its shuttling to the nucleus (By similarity). May play a role in mediating cell morphology changes during ameloblast differentiation via its role in tight junctions (By similarity).
Post-translational modifications
Phosphorylated at tyrosine redidues in response to epidermal growth factor (EGF) (PubMed:19332538, PubMed:7542259). This response is dependent on an intact actin microfilament system (PubMed:7542259). Dephosphorylated by PTPRJ (PubMed:19332538).
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the MAGUK family.
Tissue Specificity
The alpha-containing isoform is found in most epithelial cell junctions. The short isoform is found both in endothelial cells and the highly specialized epithelial junctions of renal glomeruli and Sertoli cells of the seminiferous tubules.
Cellular localization
- Cell membrane
- Peripheral membrane protein
- Cytoplasmic side
- Cell junction
- Tight junction
- Cell junction
- Cell junction
- Gap junction
- Cell projection
- Podosome
- Moves from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane concurrently with cell-cell contact (PubMed:7798316). At podosomal sites, is predominantly localized in the ring structure surrounding the actin core (PubMed:20930113). Colocalizes with SPEF1 at sites of cell-cell contact in intestinal epithelial cells (PubMed:31473225).
Alternative names
ZO1, TJP1, Tight junction protein ZO-1, Tight junction protein 1, Zona occludens protein 1, Zonula occludens protein 1