TLR5
Function
Pattern recognition receptor (PRR) located on the cell surface that participates in the activation of innate immunity and inflammatory response (PubMed:11323673, PubMed:18490781). Recognizes small molecular motifs named pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs) expressed by pathogens and microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) usually expressed by resident microbiota (PubMed:29934223). Upon ligand binding such as bacterial flagellins, recruits intracellular adapter proteins MYD88 and TRIF leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and induction of the inflammatory response (PubMed:11489966, PubMed:20855887). Plays thereby an important role in the relationship between the intestinal epithelium and enteric microbes and contributes to the gut microbiota composition throughout life (By similarity).
Involvement in disease
Systemic lupus erythematosus 1
SLEB1
A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.
None
Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Post-translational modifications
Phosphorylated at Ser-805 by PKD/PRKD1; phosphorylation induces the production of inflammatory cytokines.
Phosphorylated at Tyr-798 upon flagellin binding; required for signaling.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family.
Tissue Specificity
Highly expressed on the basolateral surface of intestinal epithelia (PubMed:11489966). Expressed also in other cells such as lung epithelial cells (PubMed:11489966, PubMed:18490781).
Cellular localization
- Cell membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
Alternative names
TIL3, TLR5, Toll-like receptor 5, Toll/interleukin-1 receptor-like protein 3
Database links
swissprot:O60602 omim:603031 entrezGene:7100
Other research areas
- Immuno-oncology