TMEM119
Function
Plays an important role in bone formation and normal bone mineralization. Promotes the differentiation of myoblasts into osteoblasts (PubMed:20025746). May induce the commitment and differentiation of myoblasts into osteoblasts through an enhancement of BMP2 production and interaction with the BMP-RUNX2 pathway. Up-regulates the expression of ATF4, a transcription factor which plays a central role in osteoblast differentiation. Essential for normal spermatogenesis and late testicular differentiation (By similarity).
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in brain microglia (at protein level) (PubMed:26250788). Detected in urine (at protein level) (PubMed:37453717). Elevated expression levels seen in the brain of patients with Alzheimer disease (PubMed:26250788). Expressed by osteoblast-like cells in bone tissues and follicular dendritic cells in lymphoid tissues (PubMed:26250788).
Cellular localization
- Cell membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Cytoplasm
- Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- Secreted
Alternative names
PSEC0199, UNQ731/PRO1415, TMEM119, Transmembrane protein 119, Osteoblast induction factor, OBIF