TMPRSS13
Function
Serine protease (PubMed:20977675, PubMed:28710277, PubMed:34562451). Cleaves the proform of PRSS8/prostasin to form the active protein (PubMed:34562451). Cleaves the proform of HGF to form the active protein which promotes MAPK signaling (PubMed:20977675). Promotes the formation of the stratum corneum and subsequently the epidermal barrier in embryos (By similarity).
Post-translational modifications
The inactive zymogen is post-translationally modified and then trafficked to the cell surface, whereby it undergoes autocatalytic cleavage resulting in an activated form that is released extracellularly.
Phosphorylation is required for localization at the cell surface (PubMed:28710277, PubMed:34562451). Phosphorylation increases following inhibition of protease activity by SPINT2/HAI-2 (PubMed:35796294).
N-glycosylation of Asn-405 and Asn-445 is required for exit from the endoplasmic reticulum and trafficking to the cell surface (PubMed:28710277, PubMed:34562451). Also required for autocleavage of the zymogen, activation and secretion of the mature protein (PubMed:34562451).
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in placenta.
Isoform 1
Predominantly expressed in lung, placenta, pancreas, and prostate.
Isoform 3
Expressed in lung, placenta, pancreas, and prostate (PubMed:11267681). Weakly expressed in testis and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PubMed:11267681).
Cellular localization
- Cell membrane
- Single-pass type II membrane protein
- Secreted
- Cytoplasm
- The non-phosphorylated, inactive full length protein localizes intracellularly (PubMed:28710277). N-glycosylation and phosphorylation is required for trafficking to the cell surface (PubMed:28710277, PubMed:34562451, PubMed:35796294). Interaction with SPINT1/HAI-1 and SPINT2/HAI-2 facilitate its translocation to the cell surface (PubMed:34562451, PubMed:35796294). Proteolytic cleavage is required for secretion (PubMed:35796294).
Alternative names
MSP, TMPRSS11, TMPRSS13, Transmembrane protease serine 13, Membrane-type mosaic serine protease, Mosaic serine protease