Tnfsf18
Function
Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR (PubMed:14521928, PubMed:14647196). Regulates T-cell responses (PubMed:14647196). Can function as costimulator and lower the threshold for T-cell activation and T-cell proliferation (PubMed:14608036, PubMed:15128759). Important for interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells. Mediates activation of NF-kappa-B (PubMed:14521928, PubMed:14647196, PubMed:18178614). Triggers increased phosphorylation of STAT1 and up-regulates expression of VCAM1 and ICAM1 (By similarity). Promotes leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells (PubMed:23892569). Regulates migration of monocytes from the splenic reservoir to sites of inflammation (PubMed:24107315).
Post-translational modifications
N-glycosylated.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family.
Tissue Specificity
Detected in immature and mature dendritic cells and in macrophages (at protein level). Detected in spleen, lung, heart, thymus, monocytes, macrophages, B-cells and dendritic cells.
Cellular localization
- Cell membrane
- Single-pass type II membrane protein
Alternative names
Gitrl, Tnfsf18, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18, GITR ligand, Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand, GITRL