The GDP-binding domain is located within the hydrophilic cavity, with GDP phosphates likely forming salt bridges with the charged residues, Lys-141 and Arg-185.
The long-chain fatty acid-binding domain consists of an hydrophobic groove between peripheral transmembrane helices 1 and 6 near the matrix side.
Antiporter that exports dicarboxylate intermediates of the Krebs cycle in exchange for phosphate plus a proton across the inner membrane of mitochondria, a process driven by mitochondrial motive force with an overall impact on glycolysis, glutaminolysis and glutathione-dependent redox balance. Continuous export of oxaloacetate and related four-carbon dicarboxylates from mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol negatively regulates the oxidation of acetyl-CoA substrates via the Krebs cycle lowering the ATP/ADP ratio and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (By similarity). May mediate inducible proton entry into the mitochondrial matrix affecting ATP turnover as a protection mechanism against oxidative stress. The proton currents are most likely associated with fatty acid flipping across the inner membrane of mitochondria in a metabolic process regulated by free fatty acids and purine nucleotides (By similarity) (PubMed:11101840, PubMed:11756659, PubMed:12011051, PubMed:21785437, PubMed:25127353). Regulates the use of glucose as a source of energy. Required for glucose-induced DRP1-dependent mitochondrial fission and neuron activation in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH). This mitochondrial adaptation mechanism modulates the VMH pool of glucose-excited neurons with an impact on systemic glucose homeostasis (PubMed:26919426). Regulates ROS levels and metabolic reprogramming of macrophages during the resolution phase of inflammation. Attenuates ROS production in response to IL33 to preserve the integrity of the Krebs cycle required for persistent production of itaconate and subsequent GATA3-dependent differentiation of inflammation-resolving alternatively activated macrophages (PubMed:34644537). Can unidirectionally transport anions including L-malate, L-aspartate, phosphate and chloride ions (By similarity). Does not mediate adaptive thermogenesis (PubMed:11101840).
Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
Widely expressed. Highest in spleen, lung, white and brown adipose tissues (PubMed:11101840, PubMed:12011051, PubMed:9133562). 4-6 times higher levels are detected in white adipose tissue of ob/ob and db/db mice when compared to lean littermates (PubMed:9133562). Expressed in neurons of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (at protein level) (PubMed:26919426). Expressed in thymocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:11756659).
Slc25a8, Ucp2, Dicarboxylate carrier UCP2, Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2, Solute carrier family 25 member 8, UCPH, UCP 2
Proteins
Metabolism
33374Da
We found 1 product in 1 category