VIM
GeneName
VIM
Summary
Vimentin, also known as vimentin, is a 54 kDa intermediate filament protein predominantly expressed in mesenchymal cells. It is a key component of the cytoskeleton, localised in the cytoplasm, and plays a vital role in maintaining cell shape, providing mechanical support, and facilitating cellular processes such as migration and adhesion. Vimentin is involved in the organisation of intermediate filaments and has been implicated in various cellular responses, including those to lipopolysaccharides and interferons. It also participates in the development of astrocytes and Bergmann glial cells, and is essential for lens fiber cell development and collagen biosynthesis regulation.
Importance
Vimentin is relevant to: - Understanding the mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer metastasis due to its role in cytoskeletal dynamics. - Investigating neurodegenerative diseases where vimentin expression is altered, impacting glial cell function and neuronal health. - Exploring wound healing and tissue repair processes, as vimentin is crucial for cell migration and proliferation. - Studying the structural integrity of cells and their response to mechanical stress, which has implications in fibrosis and other pathological conditions.
Top Products
For researchers investigating VIM, we highly recommend the top-selling recombinant antibody, Anti-Vimentin antibody [EPR3776] (ab92547). This antibody is a well-established cytoskeleton marker, boasting an impressive 2298 citations, which underscores its reliability and widespread use in the research community. It has been validated in knockout models and is suitable for a variety of applications, including Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunocytochemistry (ICC), and flow cytometry (FC). This versatility makes it an excellent choice for those seeking consistent and effective detection of VIM in their studies. The Human Vimentin Profiling ELISA Kit (ab173190) is an excellent option for researchers looking to measure Vimentin levels in their samples.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates a significant focus on the role of Vimentin (VIM) in various cancer types, particularly in studies related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration, and invasion. The use of Vimentin antibodies spans multiple species, including human and mouse, highlighting its relevance in both basic and translational research contexts. Additionally, Vimentin is frequently investigated in relation to diabetic conditions and various tumor types, suggesting its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Domain
The central alpha-helical coiled-coil IF rod domain mediates elementary homodimerization.
The [IL]-x-C-x-x-[DE] motif is a proposed target motif for cysteine S-nitrosylation mediated by the iNOS-S100A8/A9 transnitrosylase complex.
Function
Vimentins are class-III intermediate filaments found in various non-epithelial cells, especially mesenchymal cells. Vimentin is attached to the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria, either laterally or terminally. Plays a role in cell directional movement, orientation, cell sheet organization and Golgi complex polarization at the cell migration front (By similarity). Protects SCRIB from proteasomal degradation and facilitates its localization to intermediate filaments in a cell contact-mediated manner (By similarity). May promote axon outgrowth and motor fiber repair via DSP-mediated recruitment to outgrowth tips (By similarity).
Involved with LARP6 in the stabilization of type I collagen mRNAs for CO1A1 and CO1A2.
Involvement in disease
Cataract 30, multiple types
CTRCT30
An opacification of the crystalline lens of the eye that frequently results in visual impairment or blindness. Opacities vary in morphology, are often confined to a portion of the lens, and may be static or progressive. In general, the more posteriorly located and dense an opacity, the greater the impact on visual function.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Post-translational modifications
Filament disassembly during mitosis is promoted by phosphorylation at Ser-55 as well as by nestin (By similarity). One of the most prominent phosphoproteins in various cells of mesenchymal origin. Phosphorylation is enhanced during cell division, at which time vimentin filaments are significantly reorganized. Phosphorylation by PKN1 inhibits the formation of filaments. Phosphorylated at Ser-56 by CDK5 during neutrophil secretion in the cytoplasm (PubMed:21465480). Phosphorylated by STK33 (PubMed:18811945). Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by SRMS (PubMed:29496907).
O-glycosylated during cytokinesis at sites identical or close to phosphorylation sites, this interferes with the phosphorylation status.
S-nitrosylation is induced by interferon-gamma and oxidatively-modified low-densitity lipoprotein (LDL(ox)) possibly implicating the iNOS-S100A8/9 transnitrosylase complex.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
Tissue Specificity
Highly expressed in fibroblasts, some expression in T- and B-lymphocytes, and little or no expression in Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines. Expressed in many hormone-independent mammary carcinoma cell lines.
Cellular localization
- Cytoplasm
- Cytoplasm
- Cytoskeleton
- Nucleus matrix
- Cell membrane
- Cell projection
- Axon
Alternative names
Vimentin, VIM
Database links
swissprot:P08670 entrezGene:7431 omim:193060
Other research areas
- Immunology & Infectious Disease
- Neuroscience
- Oncology