Vitronectin
GeneName
VTN
Summary
VTN, also known as vitronectin or S protein, is a 54 kDa glycoprotein that plays a vital role in cell adhesion, migration, and extracellular matrix organisation. It is primarily found in the extracellular space and is a key component of the basement membrane and collagen-containing extracellular matrix. VTN is known to bind to various molecules, including integrins, collagen, and heparin, facilitating interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix. Its involvement in integrin-mediated signalling pathways highlights its importance in cellular processes such as endodermal cell differentiation and wound healing.
Importance
VTN is relevant to: - The regulation of cell adhesion and migration, which is crucial for tissue development and repair - The immune response, particularly in the context of inflammation and tissue remodelling - Liver regeneration, where it aids in the recovery of liver tissue after injury - Vascular biology, as it influences smooth muscle cell behaviour and endothelial function - Pathological conditions such as cancer, where altered VTN expression can affect tumour progression and metastasis
Top Products
For researchers investigating VTN, we highly recommend the top-selling recombinant antibody, Anti-Vitronectin/S-Protein antibody [EP873Y] (ab45139). This antibody has been validated for use in Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunocytochemistry (ICC), making it a versatile tool for various experimental needs. With 27 citations, it is well-regarded in the research community, reflecting its reliability and effectiveness in VTN studies. This recombinant antibody offers the added benefit of batch-to-batch consistency, ensuring dependable results in your experiments. The Recombinant Human Vitronectin/S-Protein ELISA Kit (ab153797) is an excellent option for researchers looking to measure vitronectin in their samples.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that the Abcam antibody ab45139 is primarily used for detecting vitronectin (VTN) in human neuroblastoma cell lines and mouse models through immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry. The consistent focus on neuroblastic tumors suggests a significant interest in the role of vitronectin in neuroblastoma research.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Domain
The SMB domain mediates interaction with SERPINE1/PAI1. The heparin-binding domain mediates interaction with insulin.
Function
Vitronectin is a cell adhesion and spreading factor found in serum and tissues. Vitronectin interact with glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans. Is recognized by certain members of the integrin family and serves as a cell-to-substrate adhesion molecule. Inhibitor of the membrane-damaging effect of the terminal cytolytic complement pathway.
Somatomedin-B is a growth hormone-dependent serum factor with protease-inhibiting activity.
Post-translational modifications
Sulfated on tyrosine residues.
N- and O-glycosylated.
Phosphorylation on Thr-69 and Thr-76 favors cell adhesion and spreading.
It has been suggested that the active SMB domain may be permitted considerable disulfide bond heterogeneity or variability, thus two alternate disulfide patterns based on 3D structures are described with 1 disulfide bond conserved in both.
Phosphorylation sites are present in the extracellular medium.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in the retina pigment epithelium (at protein level) (PubMed:25136834). Expressed in plasma (at protein level) (PubMed:2448300). Expressed in serum (at protein level) (PubMed:29567995).
Cellular localization
- Secreted
- Extracellular space
- Parasitophorous vacuole
- (Microbial infection) In P.falciparum-infected red blood cells, VTN internalization is detected at the early trophozoite stage (PubMed:29567995). Colocalizes with SERA5 at the schizont stage and with SERA5 P47 at the merozoite surface (PubMed:29567995).
Alternative names
Vitronectin, VN, S-protein, Serum-spreading factor, V75, VTN