ZP2
Domain
The ZP domain is involved in the polymerization of the ZP proteins to form the zona pellucida.
Function
Component of the zona pellucida, an extracellular matrix surrounding oocytes which mediates sperm binding, induction of the acrosome reaction and prevents post-fertilization polyspermy (PubMed:29895852). The zona pellucida is composed of 3 to 4 glycoproteins, ZP1, ZP2, ZP3, and ZP4. ZP2 may act as a secondary sperm receptor (PubMed:29895852).
Involvement in disease
Oocyte/zygote/embryo maturation arrest 6
OZEMA6
An autosomal recessive infertility disorder characterized by oocyte fertilization failure, due to defective sperm-binding to an abnormally thin zona pellucida in patient oocytes.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Post-translational modifications
Proteolytically cleaved before the transmembrane segment to yield the secreted ectodomain incorporated in the zona pellucida.
Proteolytically cleaved in the N-terminal part by the metalloendopeptidase ASTL exocytosed from cortical granules after fertilization, yielding a N-terminal peptide of about 30 kDa which remains covalently attached to the C-terminal peptide via disulfide bond(s). This cleavage may play an important role in the post-fertilization block to polyspermy. Additional proteolytically cleavage of the N-terminal peptide of 30 kDa occurs in one-cell and two-cell embryos.
N-glycosylated.
O-glycosylated; contains sulfate-substituted glycans.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the ZP domain family. ZPA subfamily.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in occytes(at protein level).
Cellular localization
- Processed zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 2
- Zona pellucida
- Cell membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
Alternative names
ZPA, ZP2, Zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 2, Zona pellucida glycoprotein 2, Zona pellucida protein A, Zp-2