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Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunofluorescence (IF)

All tools and resources for immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunofluorescence (IF).

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Organelle markers and dyes for imaging applications

Explore our range of organelle-specific antibodies and dyes below and discover why our reagents are deeply trusted by cell biologists.

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Immunocytochemistry reagents

Explore our range and find out how we can help you detect a broad range of cellular targets, including structural markers, organelles, cell fate markers, and key targets that drive complex disease phenotypes.

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Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunofluorescence (IF) are essential techniques for visualizing and localizing proteins within cells and tissues using fluorescent markers. Whether working with cultured cells or tissue sections, we provide comprehensive solutions to support your ICC/IF workflows. Explore protocols, training materials, guides, and detailed articles designed to strengthen experimental accuracy and confidence.

We offer a broad portfolio of ICC/IF reagents, including extensively validated, award-winning antibodies. Our recombinant monoclonal antibodiesare tested across multiple applications and cell types, delivering high specificity and sensitivity with minimal batch variation. Secondary antibodies are available for numerous species and conjugated to Alexa Fluor® dyes and other fluorescent markers for reliable detection.

Beyond antibodies, our range includes fluorescent stains, dyes, and Lightning-Link® conjugation kits, alongside carrier-free antibodies ideal for custom labeling. We also provide a custom conjugation service, enabling tailored solutions for specific research needs. This flexibility supports streamlined workflows while maintaining performance and convenience across diverse imaging applications.

Browse our ICC/IF portfolio, including primary and secondary antibodies, fluorescent markers, dye-conjugated antibodies, stains, and complete kits. With these high-quality tools and supporting resources, you can enhance cell and tissue imaging while achieving consistent, reproducible, and publication-ready results across your experiments.

ICC vs IF: Key comparison

Feature
Immunocytochemistry (ICC)
Immunofluorescence (IF)
Detection method
Enzymatic or chromogenic labeling
Fluorescent dye-based detection
Signal visualization
Light microscopy
Fluorescence microscopy
Multiplex capability
Limited
High (multiple fluorophores simultaneously)
Sensitivity
Moderate to high
High
Quantification potential
Semi-quantitative
Quantitative or semi-quantitative
Typical applications
Cell and tissue morphology studies
Protein localization and co-localization analysis
Reagent requirements
Primary + enzyme-linked secondary antibodies
Primary + fluorophore-conjugated secondary antibodies
Imaging complexity
Lower
Higher (requires fluorescence setup)

Protocols

Unlock the potential of your immunocytochemistry experiments with up-to-date protocols crafted by our experts and partners.

Fluorochrome chart

A quick and easy guide that helps you select the most appropriate fluorochrome from the most popular labels.

The basics of fluorescence guide

Understand fluorescence and how it enhances scientific exploration.

The complete guide to protein tags

From determining the best application to identifying common issues, our guide will help you make the most of your bench time.

References

  1. Zaqout, S., Becker, L.-L. & Kaindl, A. M. Immunofluorescence staining of paraffin sections step by step. Front. Neuroanat. 14, 582218 (2020).
  2. Piña, R. et al. Ten approaches that improve immunostaining: a review of the latest advances for the optimization of immunofluorescence. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 23, 1426 (2022).
  3. Tan, W. C. et al. Overview of multiplex immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence techniques in the era of cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Commun. 40, 135–153 (2020).
  4. Messias, N. Immunofluorescence use and techniques in glomerular diseases: a review. Glomerular Dis. 4, 227–240 (2024).
  5. Harms, P. W. et al. Multiplex immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence: a practical update for pathologists. Mod. Pathol. 36, 100197 (2023).