Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune condition impacting the central nervous system. It involves the immune system's attack on the myelin sheath, the protective coating of spinal cord axons, leading to inflammation and eventual damage. This loss of the myelin sheath disrupts electrical signals along axons, manifesting in a range of symptoms. These can include fatigue, muscle weakness, coordination difficulties, numbness or tingling sensations, vision problems, and cognitive challenges. Autoreactive T cells, activated peripherally, infiltrate brain tissue and prompt a cascade of inflammation through the release of cytokines, recruiting further immune cells and amplifying the inflammatory response.