Glucocorticoid Receptor Transcription Factor Assay Kit (Colorimetric) (ab207207)
Key features and details
- Assay type: Semi-quantitative
- Detection method: Colorimetric
- Platform: Microplate reader
- Assay time: 3 hr 30 min
- Sample type: Nuclear Extracts
- Sensitivity: 600 ng/well
Overview
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Product name
Glucocorticoid Receptor Transcription Factor Assay Kit (Colorimetric)
See all Glucocorticoid Receptor kits -
Detection method
Colorimetric -
Sample type
Nuclear Extracts -
Assay type
Semi-quantitative -
Sensitivity
< 600 ng/well -
Assay time
3h 30m -
Species reactivity
Reacts with: Mouse, Rat, Human -
Product overview
Glucocorticoid Receptor Transcription Factor Assay Kit (Colorimetric) (ab207207) is a high throughput assay to quantify Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) activation in nuclear extracts. This assay combines a quick ELISA format with a sensitive and specific non-radioactive assay for transcription factor activation.
A specific double stranded DNA sequence containing the Glucocorticoid Receptor consensus binding site (5’ –GGTACAnnnTGTTCT– 3’) has been immobilized onto a 96-well plate. Active Glucocorticoid Receptor present in the nuclear extract specifically binds to the oligonucleotide. Glucocorticoid Receptor is detected by a primary antibody that recognizes an epitope of Glucocorticoid Receptor accessible only when the protein is activated and bound to its target DNA. An HRP-conjugated secondary antibody provides sensitive colorimetric readout that at OD 450 nm. This product detects human, mouse and rat Glucocorticoid Receptor.
Key performance and benefits:
- Assay time: 3.5 hours (cell extracts preparation not included).
- Detection limit: < 0.6 µg nuclear extract/well.
- Detection range: 0.6 – 10 µg nuclear extract/well.
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Notes
Glucocorticoids can affect a large number of metabolic, cardiovascular, immune, inflammatory and behavioral functions. They are produced by the adrenal cortex and are under the control of the hypothalamus and pituitary (hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal [HPA] axis). At the cellular level, glucocorticoid effects are mediated by the Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR). GR belongs to the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors that includes receptors for estrogens, progestins, vitamin D and thyroid hormone.
The nuclear hormone receptors share a characteristic three-domain structure. The N-terminal activates target genes and interacts with transcription machinery. Two highly conserved zinc fingers constitute the DNA-binding domain and also participate in dimerization, nuclear translocation and transactivation. The C-terminal contains the ligand-binding domain, and also includes sequences important for heat shock protein (hsp) binding, nuclear translocation, dimerization and transactivation.
The unliganded GR is part of a multiprotein complex that consists of the receptor, two molecules of hsp90 and one molecule each of hsp70 and hsp56. Glucocorticoids, when present, are able to cross the cell membrane and interact with GR. When bound, there is a conformational change in the GR molecule that results in dissociation from the hsp complex, hyper-phosphorylation of GR and unmasking of nuclear localization signals. When in the nucleus, the activated GR can act in two ways: directly with specific DNA sequences or indirectly with other transcription factors. GR mutations can result in glucocorticoid resistance or hypersensitivity, and can cause severe disturbances in mood, pathologic alterations of metabolism and, correspondingly, hypotension or hypertension and excessive or suppressed inflammatory/immune responses.
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Platform
Microplate reader
Properties
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Storage instructions
Please refer to protocols. -
Components 1 x 96 tests 5 x 96 tests 10X Antibody Binding Buffer 1 x 2.2ml 1 x 11ml 10X Wash Buffer 1 x 22ml 1 x 110ml 96-well GR assay plate 1 unit 5 units Anti-rabbit HRP-conjugated IgG 1 x 11µl 1 x 55µl Binding Buffer 1 x 10ml 1 x 50ml Developing Solution 1 x 11ml 1 x 55ml Dithiothreitol (DTT) (1 M) 1 x 100µl 1 x 500µl GR antibody 1 x 11µl 1 x 55µl HeLa nuclear extract 1 x 40µl 1 x 200µl Herring sperm DNA 1 x 100µl 1 x 500µl Lysis Buffer 1 x 10ml 1 x 50ml Mutated oligonucleotide(20 pmol/μL) 1 x 100µl 1 x 500µl Plate sealer 1 unit 5 units Protease Inhibitor Cocktail 1 x 100µl 1 x 500µl Stop Solution 1 x 11ml 1 x 55ml Wild-type oligonucleotide (20 pmol/μL) 1 x 100µl 1 x 500µl -
Research areas
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Function
Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC). Has a dual mode of action: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE) and as a modulator of other transcription factors. Affects inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Could act as a coactivator for STAT5-dependent transcription upon growth hormone (GH) stimulation and could reveal an essential role of hepatic GR in the control of body growth. Involved in chromatin remodeling. Plays a significant role in transactivation. Involved in nuclear translocation. -
Tissue specificity
Widely expressed. In the heart, detected in left and right atria, left and right ventricles, aorta, apex, intraventricular septum, and atrioventricular node as well as whole adult and fetal heart. -
Involvement in disease
Defects in NR3C1 are a cause of glucocorticoid resistance (GCRES) [MIM:138040]; also known as cortisol resistance. It is a hypertensive, hyperandrogenic disorder characterized by increased serum cortisol concentrations. Inheritance is autosomal dominant. -
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR3 subfamily.
Contains 1 nuclear receptor DNA-binding domain. -
Domain
Composed of three domains: a modulating N-terminal domain, a DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal ligand-binding domain. -
Post-translational
modificationsIncreased proteasome-mediated degradation in response to glucocorticoids.
Phosphorylated in the absence of hormone; becomes hyperphosphorylated in the presence of glucocorticoid. The Ser-203-phosphorylated form is mainly cytoplasmic, and the Ser-211-phosphorylated form is nuclear. Transcriptional activity correlates with the amount of phosphorylation at Ser-211.
Sumoylated; this reduces transcription transactivation.
Ubiquitinated; restricts glucocorticoid-mediated transcriptional signaling. -
Cellular localization
Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cytoplasmic in the absence of ligand, nuclear after ligand-binding and Nucleus. Localized largely in the nucleus. - Information by UniProt
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Alternative names
- GCCR
- GCR
- GCR_HUMAN
see all -
Database links
- Entrez Gene: 2908 Human
- Entrez Gene: 14815 Mouse
- Entrez Gene: 24413 Rat
- Omim: 138040 Human
- SwissProt: P04150 Human
- SwissProt: P06537 Mouse
- SwissProt: P06536 Rat
- Unigene: 122926 Human
see all
Images
Datasheets and documents
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SDS download
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Datasheet download
References (1)
ab207207 has been referenced in 1 publication.
- Edvinsson Å et al. Placental glucocorticoid receptors are not affected by maternal depression or SSRI treatment. Ups J Med Sci 125:30-36 (2020). PubMed: 31960733