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Neuroscience Neurotransmitter Amino Acids Glutamate
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Validated using a knockout cell lineRecombinantRabMAb

Recombinant Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)

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  • SDS
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Immunohistochemistry (Frozen sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
  • Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
  • Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
  • Immunohistochemistry (Frozen sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
  • Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
  • Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)

Key features and details

  • Produced recombinantly (animal-free) for high batch-to-batch consistency and long term security of supply
  • Rabbit monoclonal [EPR13022(B)] to Glutamine Synthetase
  • Suitable for: IHC-Fr, WB, IHC-P
  • Knockout validated
  • Reacts with: Mouse, Rat, Human

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Overview

  • Product name

    Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)]
    See all Glutamine Synthetase primary antibodies
  • Description

    Rabbit monoclonal [EPR13022(B)] to Glutamine Synthetase
  • Host species

    Rabbit
  • Tested applications

    Suitable for: IHC-Fr, WB, IHC-Pmore details
    Unsuitable for: Flow Cyt,ICC/IF or IP
  • Species reactivity

    Reacts with: Mouse, Rat, Human
  • Immunogen

    Synthetic peptide within Human Glutamine Synthetase aa 250-350 (Cysteine residue). The exact sequence is proprietary.
    Database link: P15104

  • Positive control

    • WB: Human fetal liver lysate, mouse and rat spleen lysate Jurkat, HAP1 and HeLa whole cell lysate (ab150035); IHC-P: Human glioma and liver tissues, mouse liver tissue; IHC-Fr: Rat and Mouse cerebrum.
  • General notes

    This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

    • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
    • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
    • - Long-term security of supply
    • - Animal-free production
    For more information see here.

    Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

    We are constantly working hard to ensure we provide our customers with best in class antibodies. As a result of this work we are pleased to now offer this antibody in purified format. We are in the process of updating our datasheets. The purified format is designated 'PUR' on our product labels. If you have any questions regarding this update, please contact our Scientific Support team.

Properties

  • Form

    Liquid
  • Storage instructions

    Shipped at 4°C. Store at +4°C short term (1-2 weeks). Upon delivery aliquot. Store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze / thaw cycle.
  • Storage buffer

    Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
    Constituents: 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 59% PBS, 0.05% BSA
  • Concentration information loading...
  • Purity

    Protein A purified
  • Clonality

    Monoclonal
  • Clone number

    EPR13022(B)
  • Isotype

    IgG
  • Research areas

    • Neuroscience
    • Neurotransmitter
    • Amino Acids
    • Glutamate
    • Neuroscience
    • Neurology process
    • Neurodegenerative disease
    • Alzheimer's disease
    • Other

Associated products

  • Alternative Versions

    • HRP Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab199198)
    • Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] - BSA and Azide free (ab240193)
  • Compatible Secondaries

    • Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (ab150077)
    • Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab205718)
    • Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preadsorbed (ab216773)
  • Isotype control

    • Rabbit IgG, monoclonal [EPR25A] - Isotype Control (ab172730)
  • Positive Controls

    • HeLa whole cell lysate (ab150035)
    • HeLa whole cell lysate (ab29545)
    • Jurkat whole cell lysate (ab7899)
  • Recombinant Protein

    • Recombinant human Glutamine Synthetase protein (ab222354)
  • Related Products

    • Recombinant Human Glutamine Synthetase protein (ab98145)

Applications

The Abpromise guarantee

Our Abpromise guarantee covers the use of ab176562 in the following tested applications.

The application notes include recommended starting dilutions; optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.

Application Abreviews Notes
IHC-Fr
1/250.
WB
1/1000 - 1/5000. Predicted molecular weight: 42 kDa.
IHC-P (2)
1/500. Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

The mouse and rat recommendation is based on the WB results. This antibody may not be suitable for IHC with mouse or rat samples.

For unpurified use at 1/100-1/250. 

Notes
IHC-Fr
1/250.
WB
1/1000 - 1/5000. Predicted molecular weight: 42 kDa.
IHC-P
1/500. Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

The mouse and rat recommendation is based on the WB results. This antibody may not be suitable for IHC with mouse or rat samples.

For unpurified use at 1/100-1/250. 

  • Application notes
    Is unsuitable for Flow Cyt,ICC/IF or IP.
  • Target

    • Function

      This enzyme has 2 functions: it catalyzes the production of glutamine and 4-aminobutanoate (gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA), the latter in a pyridoxal phosphate-independent manner (By similarity). Essential for proliferation of fetal skin fibroblasts.
    • Involvement in disease

      Defects in GLUL are the cause of congenital systemic glutamine deficiency (CSGD) [MIM:610015]. CSGD is a rare developmental disorder with severe brain malformation resulting in multi-organ failure and neonatal death. Glutamine is largely absent from affected patients serum, urine and cerebrospinal fluid.
    • Sequence similarities

      Belongs to the glutamine synthetase family.
    • Developmental stage

      Expressed during early fetal stages.
    • Cellular localization

      Cytoplasm. Mitochondrion.
    • Target information above from: UniProt accession P15104 The UniProt Consortium
      The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt) in 2010
      Nucleic Acids Res. 38:D142-D148 (2010) .

      Information by UniProt
    • Database links

      • Entrez Gene: 2752 Human
      • Entrez Gene: 14645 Mouse
      • Entrez Gene: 24957 Rat
      • Omim: 138290 Human
      • SwissProt: P15104 Human
      • SwissProt: P15105 Mouse
      • SwissProt: P09606 Rat
      • Unigene: 518525 Human
      • Unigene: 210745 Mouse
      • Unigene: 2204 Rat
      see all
    • Alternative names

      • cell proliferation-inducing protein 59 antibody
      • Cgl2214 antibody
      • GLNA antibody
      • GLNA_HUMAN antibody
      • GLNS antibody
      • GLUL antibody
      • Glutamate ammonia ligase antibody
      • Glutamate decarboxylase antibody
      • Glutamate--ammonia ligase antibody
      • glutamine synthase antibody
      • Glutamine synthetase antibody
      • glutamine synthetase I antibody
      • GS antibody
      • PIG 43 antibody
      • PIG 59 antibody
      • PIG43 antibody
      • PIG59 antibody
      • Proliferation inducing protein 43 antibody
      see all

    Images

    • Immunohistochemistry (Frozen sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
      Immunohistochemistry (Frozen sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)

      Immunohistochemical analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.2% Triton X-100-permeabilised mouse cerebrum tissue staining glutamine synthetase with ab176562 at 1/250 dilution, followed by alexaFluor®488 Goat anti-Rabbit secondary (ab150077) at 1/1000 dilution. Heat mediated antigen retrieval using sodium citrate buffer (10mM citrate pH 6.0 + 0.05% Tween-20). DAPI was used as a nuclear counterstain.

      Positive staining on mouse cerebrum (PMID: 23895693).

    • Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
      Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
      All lanes : Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562) at 1 µg

      Lane 1 : Wild-type HAP1 whole cell lysate
      Lane 2 : GLUL knockout HAP1 whole cell lysate

      Lysates/proteins at 20 µg per lane.

      Predicted band size: 42 kDa



      Lanes 1 - 2: Merged signal (red and green). Green - ab176562 observed at 42 kDa. Red - loading control, ab130007, observed at 130 kDa.

      ab176562 was shown to recognize Glutamine Synthetase in wild-type HAP1 cells as signal was lost at the expected MW in GLUL knockout cells. Additional cross-reactive bands were observed in the wild-type and knockout cells. Wild-type and GLUL knockout samples were subjected to SDS-PAGE. Ab176562 and ab130007 (Mouse anti-Vinculin loading control) were incubated overnight at 4°C at 1 μg/ml and 1/20000 dilution respectively. Blots were developed with Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (IRDye® 800CW) preabsorbed ab216773 and Goat anti-Mouse IgG H&L (IRDye® 680RD) preabsorbed ab216776 secondary antibodies at 1/20000 dilution for 1 hour at room temperature before imaging.

    • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
      Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)

      Immunohistochemical analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, Human glioma tissue labeling Glutamine Synthetase with unpurified ab176562 at a 1/100 dilution.

      Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

    • Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
      Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
      All lanes : Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562) at 1/1000 dilution (unpurified)

      Lane 1 : Human fetal liver lysate
      Lane 2 : Jurkat cell lysate
      Lane 3 : HeLa cell lysate

      Lysates/proteins at 10 µg per lane.

      Developed using the ECL technique.

      Predicted band size: 42 kDa

    • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
      Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)

      Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of Human glioma tissue sections labeling Glutamine Synthetase with purified ab176562 at 1:500 dilution (0.18 μg/ml). Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using citrate Buffer, pH6.0. Tissue was counterstained with Hematoxylin. ImmunoHistoProbe one step HRP Polymer (ready to use) secondary antibody was used at 1:0 dilution. PBS instead of the primary antibody was used as the negative control.

    • Immunohistochemistry (Frozen sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
      Immunohistochemistry (Frozen sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)

      Immunohistochemical analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.2% Triton X-100-permeabilised rat cerebrum tissue staining glutamine synthetase with ab176562 at 1/250 dilution, followed by alexaFluor®488 Goat anti-Rabbit secondary (ab150077) at 1/1000 dilution. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using sodium citrate buffer (10mM citrate pH 6.0 + 0.05% Tween-20). DAPI was used as a nuclear counterstain.

      Positive staining on rat cerebrum (PMID: 23895693).

    • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
      Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)

      Immunohistochemical analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, Human liver tissue labeling Glutamine Synthetase with unpurified ab176562 at a 1/100 dilution.

      Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

    • Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
      Western blot - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
      All lanes : Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562) at 1/2000 dilution (purified)

      Lane 1 : Human fetal liver lysates at 20 µg
      Lane 2 : HeLa (Human cervix adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysates at 15 µg
      Lane 3 : Mouse spleen lysates at 20 µg
      Lane 4 : Rat spleen lysates at 20 µg

      Secondary
      All lanes : Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (ab97051) at 1/100000 dilution

      Predicted band size: 42 kDa
      Observed band size: 42 kDa



      Blocking and diluting buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST

    • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
      Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)This image is courtesy of Alex Van Engelenburg

      ab176562 staining Glutamine Synthetasein Mouse Liver tissue sections by Immunohistochemistry (PFA perfusion fixed frozen sections). Tissue samples were fixed by perfusion with formaldehyde, blocked with PB ab64226 for 10 minutes at room temperature and antigen retrieval was by heat mediation in citrate buffer. The sample was incubated with primary antibody (1/200) for 30 minutes. A HRP-conjugated Goat anti-rabbit polyclonal (1/200) was used as the secondary antibody.

      See Abreview

    • Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)
      Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)] (ab176562)

    Protocols

    • Western blot protocols
    • Immunohistochemistry protocols

    Click here to view the general protocols

    Datasheets and documents

    • SDS download

    • Datasheet download

      Download

    References (8)

    Publishing research using ab176562? Please let us know so that we can cite the reference in this datasheet.

    ab176562 has been referenced in 8 publications.

    • Scheckel C  et al. Ribosomal profiling during prion disease uncovers progressive translational derangement in glia but not in neurons. Elife 9:N/A (2020). PubMed: 32960170
    • Hu J  et al. Glutamine metabolism in the proliferation of GS-expression pituitary tumor cells. Endocr Connect N/A:N/A (2020). PubMed: 32069221
    • Shahulhameed S  et al. A Robust Model System for Retinal Hypoxia: Live Imaging of Calcium Dynamics and Gene Expression Studies in Primary Human Mixed Retinal Culture. Front Neurosci 13:1445 (2019). PubMed: 32116486
    • Fu S  et al. Glutamine Synthetase Promotes Radiation Resistance via Facilitating Nucleotide Metabolism and Subsequent DNA Damage Repair. Cell Rep 28:1136-1143.e4 (2019). PubMed: 31365859
    • Kuter K  et al. Astrocyte support is important for the compensatory potential of the nigrostriatal system neurons during early neurodegeneration. J Neurochem 148:63-79 (2019). PubMed: 30295916
    • Femenía T  et al. Disrupted Neuroglial Metabolic Coupling after Peripheral Surgery. J Neurosci 38:452-464 (2018). PubMed: 29175959
    • Wang L  et al. Increased glutamine anabolism sensitizes non-small cell lung cancer to gefitinib treatment. Cell Death Discov 5:24 (2018). PubMed: 30109143
    • Zhou T  et al. Mesenchymal marker expression is elevated in Müller cells exposed to high glucose and in animal models of diabetic retinopathy. Oncotarget 8:4582-4594 (2017). PubMed: 27999189

    Customer reviews and Q&As

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    1-2 of 2 Abreviews

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) abreview for Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)]

    Excellent
    Abreviews
    Abreviews
    abreview image
    Application
    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections)
    Sample
    Mouse Tissue sections (Liver)
    Antigen retrieval step
    Heat mediated - Buffer/Enzyme Used: pH 6.0 Citrate
    Permeabilization
    No
    Specification
    Liver
    Blocking step
    PB ab64226 as blocking agent for 10 minute(s) · Concentration: 1% · Temperature: RT°C
    Fixative
    Formaldehyde
    Read More

    Abcam user community

    Verified customer

    Submitted Jan 04 2018

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) abreview for Anti-Glutamine Synthetase antibody [EPR13022(B)]

    Good
    Abreviews
    Abreviews
    abreview image
    Application
    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections)
    Sample
    Rat Tissue sections (Liver)
    Antigen retrieval step
    Heat mediated - Buffer/Enzyme Used: pH 6.0 Citrate
    Permeabilization
    No
    Specification
    Liver
    Blocking step
    Protein Block (ab64226) as blocking agent for 10 minute(s) · Concentration: 1% · Temperature: RT°C
    Fixative
    Formaldehyde
    Read More

    Abcam user community

    Verified customer

    Submitted Dec 21 2017

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