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RecombinantRabMAb

Human Agrin Antibody Pair - BSA and Azide free (ab241894)

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Sandwich ELISA - Human Agrin Antibody Pair - BSA and Azide free (ab241894)

    Key features and details

    • Unconjugated capture and detector antibodies
    • Adaptable to any antibody pair-based assay format
    • Antibody concentration ~ 1 mg/ml
    • BSA and azide free buffer - ready for conjugation
    • Reacts with: Human

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    Overview

    • Product name

      Human Agrin Antibody Pair - BSA and Azide free
      See all Agrin kits
    • Assay type

      ELISA set
    • Range

      31.25 pg/ml - 2000 pg/ml
    • Species reactivity

      Reacts with: Human
    • Product overview

      The Antibody Pair can be used to quantify Human Agrin. BSA and Azide free antibody pairs include unconjugated capture and detector antibodies suitable for sandwich ELISAs. The antibodies are provided at an approximate concentration of 1 mg/ml as measured by the protein A280 method. The recommended antibody orientation is based on internal optimization for ELISA-based assays. Antibody orientation is assay dependent and needs to be optimized for each assay type. Both capture and detector antibodies are rabbit monoclonal antibodies delivering consistent, specific, and sensitive results.


      For additional information on the performance of the antibody pair, see the equivalent SimpleStep ELISA® Kit (ab216945), which uses the same antibodies. However, due to differences in their formulation, this antibody pair cannot be used with the consumables provided with our SimpleStep ELISA Kits. Please note that the range provided for the pairs is only an estimation based on the performance of the related product using the same antibody pair. Performance of the antibody pair will depend on the specific characteristics of your assay. We guarantee the product works in sandwich ELISA, but we do not guarantee the sensitivity or dynamic range of the antibody pair in your assay.


      Download SDS here.

    • Tested applications

      Suitable for: Sandwich ELISAmore details
    • Platform

      Reagents

    Properties

    • Storage instructions

      Store at +4°C. Please refer to protocols.
    • Carrier free

      Yes
    • Components 10 x 96 tests
      Human Agrin Capture Antibody (unconjugated) 1 x 100µg
      Human Agrin Detector Antibody (unconjugated) 1 x 100µg
    • Research areas

      • Neuroscience
      • Cell Type Marker
      • Neuron marker
      • Growth Cone
      • Neuroscience
      • Cell Adhesion Proteins
      • ECM Proteins
      • Neuroscience
      • Neurology process
      • Neural Signal Transduction
    • Function

      Isoform 1: heparan sulfate basal lamina glycoprotein that plays a central role in the formation and the maintenance of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and directs key events in postsynaptic differentiation. Component of the AGRN-LRP4 receptor complex that induces the phosphorylation and activation of MUSK. The activation of MUSK in myotubes induces the formation of NMJ by regulating different processes including the transcription of specific genes and the clustering of AChR in the postsynaptic membrane. Calcium ions are required for maximal AChR clustering. AGRN function in neurons is highly regulated by alternative splicing, glycan binding and proteolytic processing. Modulates calcium ion homeostasis in neurons, specifically by inducing an increase in cytoplasmic calcium ions. Functions differentially in the central nervous system (CNS) by inhibiting the alpha(3)-subtype of Na+/K+-ATPase and evoking depolarization at CNS synapses. This secreted isoform forms a bridge, after release from motor neurons, to basal lamina through binding laminin via the NtA domain.
      Isoform 2: transmembrane form that is the predominate form in neurons of the brain, induces dendritic filopodia and synapse formation in mature hippocampal neurons in large part due to the attached glycosaminoglycan chains and the action of Rho-family GTPases.
      Isoform 1, isoform 4 and isoform 5: neuron-specific (z+) isoforms that contain C-terminal insertions of 8-19 AA are potent activators of AChR clustering. Isoform 5, agrin (z+8), containing the 8-AA insert, forms a receptor complex in myotubules containing the neuronal AGRN, the muscle-specific kinase MUSK and LRP4, a member of the LDL receptor family. The splicing factors, NOVA1 and NOVA2, regulate AGRN splicing and production of the 'z' isoforms.
      Isoform 3 and isoform 6: lack any 'z' insert, are muscle-specific and may be involved in endothelial cell differentiation.
      Agrin N-terminal 110 kDa subunit: is involved in regulation of neurite outgrowth probably due to the presence of the glycosaminoglcan (GAG) side chains of heparan and chondroitin sulfate attached to the Ser/Thr- and Gly/Ser-rich regions. Also involved in modulation of growth factor signaling.
      Agrin C-terminal 22 kDa fragment: this released fragment is important for agrin signaling and to exert a maximal dendritic filopodia-inducing effect. All 'z' splice variants (z+) of this fragment also show an increase in the number of filopodia.
    • Tissue specificity

      Expressed in basement membranes of lung and kidney. Muscle- and neuron-specific isoforms are found. Isoforms (y+) with the 4 AA insert and (z+8) isoforms with the 8 AA insert are all neuron-specific. Isoforms (z+11) are found in both neuronal and non-neuronal tissues.
    • Involvement in disease

      Myasthenic syndrome, congenital, 8
    • Sequence similarities

      Contains 4 EGF-like domains.
      Contains 9 Kazal-like domains.
      Contains 2 laminin EGF-like domains.
      Contains 3 laminin G-like domains.
      Contains 1 NtA (N-terminal agrin) domain.
      Contains 1 SEA domain.
    • Domain

      The NtA domain, absent in TM-agrin, is required for binding laminin and connecting to basal lamina.
      Both laminin G-like 2 (G2) and laminin G-like 3 (G3) domains are required for alpha-dystroglycan/DAG1 binding. G3 domain is required for C-terminal heparin, heparan sulfate and sialic acid binding.
    • Post-translational
      modifications

      Contains heparan and chondroitin sulfate chains and alpha-dystroglycan as well as N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), present in the N-terminal 110 kDa fragment, are required for induction of filopodia in hippocampal neurons. The first cluster (Gly/Ser-rich) for GAG attachment contains heparan sulfate (HS) chains and the second cluster (Ser/Thr-rich), contains chondroitin sulfate (CS) chains. Heparin and heparin sulfate binding in the G3 domain is independent of calcium ions. Binds heparin with a stoichiometry of 2:1. Binds sialic acid with a stoichiometry of 1:1 and binding requires calcium ions.
      At synaptic junctions, cleaved at two conserved sites, alpha and beta, by neurotrypsin. Cleavage at the alpha-site produces the agrin N-terminal 110-kDa subunit and the agrin C-terminal 110-kDa subunit. Further cleavage of agrin C-terminal 110-kDa subunit at the beta site produces the C-terminal fragments, agrin C-terminal 90 kDa fragment and agrin C-terminal 22 kDa fragment. Excessive cleavage at the beta-site releases large amounts of the agrin C-terminal 22 kDa fragment leading to destabilization at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ).
    • Cellular localization

      Cell junction, synapse. Cell membrane and Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. Synaptic basal lamina at the neuromuscular junction.
    • Target information above from: UniProt accession O00468 The UniProt Consortium
      The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt) in 2010
      Nucleic Acids Res. 38:D142-D148 (2010) .

      Information by UniProt
    • Alternative names

      • AGRIN
      • Agrin C-terminal 22 kDa fragment
      • Agrin proteoglycan
      • AGRIN_HUMAN
      • Agrn
      • C22
      • C90
      • FLJ45064
      • OTTHUMP00000044043
      see all
    • Database links

      • Entrez Gene: 375790 Human
      • Omim: 103320 Human
      • SwissProt: O00468 Human
      • Unigene: 273330 Human
      • Unigene: 602356 Human

      Associated products

      • Alternative Versions

        • Human Agrin Matched Antibody Pair Kit (ab220127)

      Applications

      Our Abpromise guarantee covers the use of ab241894 in the following tested applications.

      The application notes include recommended starting dilutions; optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.

      Application Abreviews Notes
      Sandwich ELISA Use at an assay dependent concentration.

      Images

      • Sandwich ELISA - Human Agrin Antibody Pair - BSA and Azide free (ab241894)
        Sandwich ELISA - Human Agrin Antibody Pair - BSA and Azide free (ab241894)
        To learn more about the advantages of recombinant antibodies see here.

      Protocols

      To our knowledge, customised protocols are not required for this product. Please try the standard protocols listed below and let us know how you get on.

      Click here to view the general protocols

      Datasheets and documents

      • Datasheet
    • References (0)

      Publishing research using ab241894? Please let us know so that we can cite the reference in this datasheet.

      ab241894 has not yet been referenced specifically in any publications.

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