Alexa Fluor® 647 Anti-CD73 antibody [AD2]

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CD73 also known as ecto-5'-nucleotidase is an enzyme that functions at the cellular level. The CD73 protein hydrolyzes extracellular nucleotides into nucleosides by removing phosphate groups. It is a 70 kDa glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored molecule found on the surface of various cell types including endothelial cells lymphocytes and epithelial cells. Its presence is noted in a wide range of tissues across the human body highlighting its versatile role in cellular communication and metabolism.

Biological function summary

CD73 participates in the regulation of purinergic signaling through adenosine production. It acts in cooperation with other cell surface enzymes such as CD39 forming a functional complex that handles ATP breakdown to adenosine. This enzymatic activity modulates immune responses tissue protection and inflammation control. In addition to immune-related functions CD73 supports the maintenance of vascular integrity and proper cellular adhesion which is important in different physiological and pathological contexts.

Pathways

CD73 plays an important part in the adenosinergic pathway governing the conversion of AMP into adenosine. This activity impacts the signaling and function of the adenosine receptors on immune and non-immune cells. Another important pathway is the angiogenesis process where CD73 contributes by affecting endothelial cell migration and blood vessel development. Relationships with key proteins such as adenosine A2 receptors help facilitate these critical pathway activities.

CD73's involvement with immunosuppression and tumor progression becomes significant. Elevated levels of CD73 are frequently observed in some cancers where it aids in creating a favorable tumor microenvironment through increased adenosine production. This situation assists tumor cells in evading immune detection. Additionally CD73 is linked to autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis where it contributes to modulated lymphocyte activity. Connections with proteins such as TGF-beta further illustrate its role in disease-related pathways creating potential targets for therapeutic interventions through the use of anti-CD73 antibodies.