Anti-CD45RC antibody [MIL15]

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CD45RC also known as PTPRC isoform 14125 or CD45 plays an essential mechanical role as a protein tyrosine phosphatase. This approximately 180-240 kDa transmembrane protein modulates antigen receptor signaling in lymphocytes. CD45RC is expressed on various immune cells including T cells B cells and natural killer cells with expression levels varying between subsets of these cells. The CD45RC isoform arises from alternative splicing leading to different molecular forms that can affect immune cell signaling.

Biological function summary

CD45RC impacts cell signaling by regulating the threshold of activation in T and B cells. It is a member of the receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase family and functions to maintain immune homeostasis. CD45RC does not typically function alone; it interacts with other cell surface molecules to facilitate signal transduction. By dephosphorylating specific kinases it fine-tunes the immune response preventing overreaction and facilitating a rapid appropriate response to antigens.

Pathways

CD45RC modulates pathways involved in lymphocyte activation. One key pathway is the T-cell receptor signaling pathway where it controls the activity of Src family kinases which play a significant part in the early activation of T cells. Another important pathway is the B-cell receptor signaling pathway. CD45RC's action with the BCR complex ensures precise regulation of B cell responses. Its activity is closely related to proteins such as Lck and Fyn which are involved in the signaling cascades initiated by receptor engagement.

CD45RC has implications in autoimmune diseases and certain leukemias. Its altered expression or function can lead to improper immune system regulation which may contribute to autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis where an overactive immune response targets the body’s own tissues. In some leukemias aberrant CD45RC expression can affect leukemia progression by modulating leukemia cell signaling and interactions within the bone marrow niche. This relationship of CD45RC with disease-related proteins like Lck highlights its potential as a therapeutic target in conditions of immune dysregulation.