Anti-CXCR4 antibody - C-terminal

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Receptor for the C-X-C chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1 that transduces a signal by increasing intracellular calcium ion levels and enhancing MAPK1/MAPK3 activation (PubMed : 10074102, PubMed : 10452968, PubMed : 10644702, PubMed : 10825158, PubMed : 18799424, PubMed : 20048153, PubMed : 20505072, PubMed : 24912431, PubMed : 28978524, PubMed : 8752280, PubMed : 8752281). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of downstream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase (PubMed : 16725153, PubMed : 17197449, PubMed : 18799424, PubMed : 39093700). CXCR4 is coupled to G(i) G alpha proteins and mediates inhibition of adenylate cyclase (PubMed : 17197449, PubMed : 39093700). Involved in the AKT signaling cascade (PubMed : 24912431). Plays a role in regulation of cell migration, e.g. during wound healing (PubMed : 28978524). Also acts as a receptor for extracellular ubiquitin; leading to enhanced intracellular calcium ions and reduced cellular cAMP levels (PubMed : 20228059). Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) et mediates LPS-induced inflammatory response, including TNF secretion by monocytes (PubMed : 11276205). Involved in hematopoiesis and in cardiac ventricular septum formation (By similarity). Also plays an essential role in vascularization of the gastrointestinal tract, probably by regulating vascular branching and/or remodeling processes in endothelial cells (By similarity). Involved in cerebellar development; in the CNS, could mediate hippocampal-neuron surviva (By similarity).. (Microbial infection) Acts as a coreceptor (CD4 being the primary receptor) for human immunodeficiency virus-1/HIV-1 X4 isolates and as a primary receptor for some HIV-2 isolates. Promotes Env-mediated fusion of the virus (PubMed : 10074122, PubMed : 10756055, PubMed : 8849450, PubMed : 8929542, PubMed : 9427609).