Anti-DDX21 antibody

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RNA helicase that acts as a sensor of the transcriptional status of both RNA polymerase (Pol) I and II : promotes ribosomal RNA (rRNA) processing and transcription from polymerase II (Pol II) (PubMed : 25470060, PubMed : 28790157). Binds various RNAs, such as rRNAs, snoRNAs, 7SK and, at lower extent, mRNAs (PubMed : 25470060). In the nucleolus, localizes to rDNA locus, where it directly binds rRNAs and snoRNAs, and promotes rRNA transcription, processing and modification. Required for rRNA 2'-O-methylation, possibly by promoting the recruitment of late-acting snoRNAs SNORD56 and SNORD58 with pre-ribosomal complexes (PubMed : 25470060, PubMed : 25477391). In the nucleoplasm, binds 7SK RNA and is recruited to the promoters of Pol II-transcribed genes : acts by facilitating the release of P-TEFb from inhibitory 7SK snRNP in a manner that is dependent on its helicase activity, thereby promoting transcription of its target genes (PubMed : 25470060). Functions as a cofactor for JUN-activated transcription : required for phosphorylation of JUN at 'Ser-77' (PubMed : 11823437, PubMed : 25260534). Can unwind double-stranded RNA (helicase) and can fold or introduce a secondary structure to a single-stranded RNA (foldase) (PubMed : 9461305). Together with SIRT7, required to prevent R-loop-associated DNA damage and transcription-associated genomic instability : deacetylation by SIRT7 activates the helicase activity, thereby overcoming R-loop-mediated stalling of RNA polymerases (PubMed : 28790157). Involved in rRNA processing (PubMed : 14559904, PubMed : 18180292). May bind to specific miRNA hairpins (PubMed : 28431233). Component of a multi-helicase-TICAM1 complex that acts as a cytoplasmic sensor of viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and plays a role in the activation of a cascade of antiviral responses including the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines via the adapter molecule TICAM1 (By similarity).