Anti-HIV1 gp120 antibody

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This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Biological function summary

The HIV1 gp120 protein functions by facilitating the attachment and entry of the virus into host cells. It is part of a larger glycoprotein complex that also includes gp41 another envelope protein. The interaction of gp120 with CD4 receptors on the host cell surface triggers conformational changes that expose binding sites for coreceptors such as CCR5 or CXCR4 which are necessary for viral entry. These interactions are important for establishing a successful infection and allowing the virus to replicate within the host.

Pathways

The function of HIV1 gp120 significantly impacts several cellular signaling pathways in the host. One critical pathway is the immune response signaling pathway which it modulates to evade detection by the immune system. After gp120 binds to CD4 and a coreceptor it can influence pathways involving cytokine production leading to immune suppression. The relationship between gp120 and gp41 is vital with the latter facilitating membrane fusion after gp120 binding illustrating interdependence within the viral entry pathway.