Anti-Perilipin-1 antibody - C-Terminal

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Perilipin-1 also known as PLIN1 is a protein with a mass of approximately 57 kDa. It plays an important role in lipid metabolism within adipose tissue. This protein is mainly found in adipocytes where it coats lipid droplets. By controlling the access of lipases to the lipid core Perilipin-1 regulates lipolysis. It prevents unnecessary breakdown of lipids by acting as a barrier and ensuring the protection and storage of energy reserves. This targeted regulation is important for maintaining energy homeostasis in the body.

Biological function summary

Perilipin-1 influences cellular energy balance and fat storage. It is an important member of the PAT family of proteins which includes perilipin A. Perilipin-1 does not typically form part of a larger protein complex; however it works closely with other proteins on the surface of lipid droplets. Its presence on the droplet surface is essential for controlling lipid mobilization particularly during fasting or energy-deprived states when organisms require a mechanism to access stored energy efficiently.

Pathways

The activity of Perilipin-1 is important in the lipolytic pathway. This pathway is involved in hydrolyzing stored triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol an essential process in energy metabolism. Perilipin-1 acts in tandem with hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) to regulate this pathway. Upon activation by adrenaline or other stimuli perilipin-1 undergoes phosphorylation which in turn facilitates HSL translocation to the lipid droplet and enhances lipolysis. Besides its direct role Perilipin-1 also interacts with adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) further impacting lipid breakdown processes.

The dysfunction of Perilipin-1 can lead to metabolic diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes. Abnormal regulation or mutations in the Perilipin-1 gene have been observed in these conditions affecting normal lipid metabolism. Disordered Perilipin-1 function can lead to excessive lipid storage impaired energy mobilization and increased insulin resistance. Additionally Perilipin-1 interacts indirectly with other proteins such as perilipin-2 which can also influence the development of these metabolic disorders. Understanding these interactions helps in exploring therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting lipid metabolism and related diseases.