Anti-SETDB1 Antibody

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Histone methyltransferase that specifically trimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me3) (PubMed : 11959841, PubMed : 12869583, PubMed : 14536086, PubMed : 27237050, PubMed : 39096901). H3 'Lys-9' trimethylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression by recruiting HP1 (CBX1, CBX3 and/or CBX5) proteins to methylated histones (PubMed : 11959841, PubMed : 12869583, PubMed : 14536086, PubMed : 27237050, PubMed : 39096901). Mainly functions in euchromatin regions, thereby playing a central role in the silencing of euchromatic genes (PubMed : 12869583, PubMed : 14536086, PubMed : 27237050, PubMed : 39096901). H3 'Lys-9' trimethylation is coordinated with DNA methylation (PubMed : 12869583, PubMed : 14536086, PubMed : 27237050, PubMed : 39096901). Forms a complex with MBD1 and ATF7IP that represses transcription and couples DNA methylation and histone 'Lys-9' trimethylation (PubMed : 14536086). Its activity is dependent on MBD1 and is heritably maintained through DNA replication by being recruited by CAF-1 (PubMed : 14536086). SETDB1 is targeted to histone H3 by TRIM28/TIF1B, a factor recruited by KRAB zinc-finger proteins (PubMed : 24623306). Required for HUSH-mediated heterochromatin formation and gene silencing (PubMed : 27732843). Probably forms a corepressor complex required for activated KRAS-mediated promoter hypermethylation and transcriptional silencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) or other tumor-related genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells (PubMed : 24623306). Required to maintain a transcriptionally repressive state of genes in undifferentiated embryonic stem cells (ESCs) (PubMed : 24623306). In ESCs, in collaboration with TRIM28, is also required for H3K9me3 and silencing of endogenous and introduced retroviruses in a DNA-methylation independent-pathway (PubMed : 37938770). Associates at promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) leading to their gene silencing (PubMed : 24623306). The SETDB1-TRIM28-ZNF274 complex may play a role in recruiting ATRX to the 3'-exons of zinc-finger coding genes with atypical chromatin signatures to establish or maintain/protect H3K9me3 at these transcriptionally active regions (PubMed : 27029610). Also catalyzes mono- and dimethylation of 'Lys-9' of free histone H3 (H3K9me1 and H3K9me2) during translation in the cytoplasm, which is then transported to the nucleus and incorporated into nucleosomes (PubMed : 26405197).. Isoform 2. Lacks all domains required for histone methyltransferase activity.