Anti-Transferrin Receptor antibody [TFRC/1839]

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Cellular uptake of iron occurs via receptor-mediated endocytosis of ligand-occupied transferrin receptor into specialized endosomes (PubMed : 26214738). Endosomal acidification leads to iron release. The apotransferrin-receptor complex is then recycled to the cell surface with a return to neutral pH and the concomitant loss of affinity of apotransferrin for its receptor. Transferrin receptor is necessary for development of erythrocytes and the nervous system (By similarity). A second ligand, the hereditary hemochromatosis protein HFE, competes for binding with transferrin for an overlapping C-terminal binding site. Positively regulates T and B cell proliferation through iron uptake (PubMed : 26642240). Acts as a lipid sensor that regulates mitochondrial fusion by regulating activation of the JNK pathway (PubMed : 26214738). When dietary levels of stearate (C18 : 0) are low, promotes activation of the JNK pathway, resulting in HUWE1-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of the mitofusin MFN2 and inhibition of mitochondrial fusion (PubMed : 26214738). When dietary levels of stearate (C18 : 0) are high, TFRC stearoylation inhibits activation of the JNK pathway and thus degradation of the mitofusin MFN2 (PubMed : 26214738). Mediates uptake of NICOL1 into fibroblasts where it may regulate extracellular matrix production (By similarity).. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for new-world arenaviruses : Guanarito, Junin and Machupo virus.. (Microbial infection) Acts as a host entry factor for rabies virus that hijacks the endocytosis of TFRC to enter cells.. (Microbial infection) Acts as a host entry factor for SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 viruses that hijack the endocytosis of TFRC to enter cells.. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Plasmodium vivax.