Recombinant Human HIV-1 gp120 (CN54) protein

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This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Biological function summary

Gp120 is essential for viral recognition and binding to the host's immune cells. It is a part of the larger HIV envelope glycoprotein complex along with gp41 forming a trimeric unit that is pivotal for the virus's function. gp120's ability to interact with both the CD4 receptor and co-receptors like CCR5 or CXCR4 defines the tropism of the virus for specific cell types. This targeting mechanism enhances the virus's ability to evade the immune system contributing to the persistence of infection.

Pathways

Gp120 is heavily involved in the entry pathway of the HIV virus into host cells. The primary pathway includes attachment to the CD4 receptor followed by interaction with a coreceptor commonly CCR5 or CXCR4 leading to fusion and viral entry. These interactions are critical in the HIV infection cycle and are targeted by therapeutic interventions. Additionally the involvement of gp41 in the envelop complex is important for the fusion process working closely with gp120.