Recombinant human IFNA13 protein (Active)

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IFN-α13 also known as Interferon Alpha-13 is a member of the type I interferons. This protein plays an important role in the immune response against viral infections. Interferon Alpha-13 has a molecular mass of approximately 22 kDa and is widely expressed in tissues involved in the immune response especially in leukocytes. Due to its role in antiviral activity IFN-α13 is an important subject of study in immunology and virology.

Biological function summary

Interferon Alpha-13 contributes to the antiviral defense mechanism by inducing the expression of genes that hinder viral replication. It is part of the larger interferon protein family which acts through the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. When activated IFN-α13 promotes the production of various antiviral enzymes and enhances the ability of the immune cells to detect and destroy infected cells. It triggers the expression of MHC class I molecules and activates natural killer cells.

Pathways

IFN-α13 interacts with the JAK-STAT pathway to mediate the immune response. In this pathway Janus kinase (JAK) activates signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins to induce gene expression for antiviral and immunomodulatory proteins. It is also involved in the regulation process of the adaptive immune response through connections with IFN receptors contributing further to limiting pathogen spread. Other important proteins related to this pathway include STAT1 and STAT2 which cooperate to initiate the transcription of IFN-stimulated genes.

IFN-α13 has a significant relationship with chronic viral infections and certain autoimmune conditions. It plays a part in the body's natural defense against Hepatitis C virus where its role in promoting antiviral states within cells becomes important. Additionally an overactive interferon system including proteins like IFN-α2 and IFN-α13 can contribute to autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Studies continue to explore its dual role both in aiding antiviral defense and in the potential activation of autoimmune pathways.