Recombinant Human KMT4 / Dot1L protein (GST tag N-Terminus)

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KMT4 also known as Dot1L is a histone methyltransferase that catalyzes the methylation of histone H3 at lysine 79. This protein plays a significant role in chromatin remodeling and gene expression regulation. Dot1L has a molecular mass of approximately 171 kDa. It expresses widely in various tissues with high presence in the heart brain and testes indicating its importance in diverse cellular processes.

Biological function summary

Dot1L functions as a critical enzyme influencing transcriptional activation and repression. It does not require a specific formed complex to execute its activity unlike many other methyltransferases that work as part of larger protein complexes. Dot1L interacts directly with nucleosomes and influences gene expression by modifying chromatin structure. This regulation of gene expression is important for the coordination of normal developmental processes and cellular proliferation.

Pathways

Dot1L impacts epigenetic regulation and is integral to the Wnt signaling pathway. This pathway is essential for processes like embryonic development and cell differentiation. Dot1L also plays an essential role in DNA damage response and repair pathways. It collaborates with other proteins like BRG1 a chromatin re-modeling factor to initiate specific genomic responses related to transcriptional control genome stability and repair mechanisms.

Dot1L has been linked to mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) and other types of hematological malignancies. The aberrant activity of Dot1L can disrupt normal gene regulatory mechanisms leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation and cancer. Dot1L interacts with MLL fusion proteins that result from chromosomal translocations which are often present in leukemia. Abnormal Dot1L activity is also associated with the progression of other cancers making it a potential therapeutic target in oncology.